花木蓝种子生物学特性及不同处理对其种子萌发的影响  

Indigofera kirilowii Maxim.ex Palibin Seed Biological Characteristics and the Influence of Different Treatments on the Seed Germination

作　　者：李琪[1] 杨子墨 孙阎[1] LI Qi;YANG Zimo;SUN Yan(Institute of Modern Agriculture and Ecological Environment,Heilongjiang University,Harbin 150080,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江大学现代农业与生态环境学院,哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《种子》2022年第5期98-103,108,F0003,共8页Seed

基　　金：国家中医药管理局全国中药资源普查项目(GZY-KJS-2018-004);黑龙江省省属高等学校基本科研业务费项目(2020-KYYWF-1029)。

摘　　要：花木蓝是一种优良的观赏植物,为了解花木蓝种子性状特征和萌发特性,研究种子形态特点及其不同的贮藏条件、温度、光照、盐度、干旱程度、酸碱度等因子对其种子萌发的影响。结果表明,不同采集地点的果实和种子性状存在一定差异,采于哈尔滨师范大学的种子性状较优良,其长度、宽度和千粒重分别为4.87 mm、3.63 mm、36.03 g。冷冻贮藏8年的种子各项发芽指标与当年采收种子差异不显著,常温贮藏5年的种子活力显著降低。光照对花木蓝种子发芽率影响不显著;其种子的萌发温幅较宽,最适萌发温度为25℃,发芽率为84%。低浓度的干旱胁迫和盐胁迫处理下花木蓝种子均可萌发,且对其幼苗生长有一定促进作用。花木蓝种子和幼苗酸碱耐受范围较广,与种子相比其幼苗耐碱性胁迫的能力更强。研究表明,花木蓝种子属于光不敏感种子,冷冻贮藏可明显延长种子寿命,种子和幼苗具有较宽的环境适生范围,并且具备一定的耐盐、耐酸碱和抗旱能力。Indigofera kirilowii Maxim.ex Palibin is an excellent ornamental plant.To understand the seed traits and germination characteristics,the effects of different storage conditions,temperature,light,salinity,drought degree,pH factors on seed germination were studied.The results showed that there were some differences in fruit and seed morphology among the three sites.The seeds collected from HSD had the best characters,with length,width and 1000-grain weight of 4.87 mm,3.63 mm and 36.03 g,respectively.There was no significant difference in germination indexes between frozen seeds stored for 8 years and seeds harvested in the same year,while the vigor of seeds stored at room temperature for 5 years was significantly reduced.Light had no significant effect on seed germination rate.The seed germination temperature range was wide and the optimum germination temperature was 25℃,and the germination rate was 84%.Under low concentration drought stress and low concentration salt stress,I.kirilowii seeds could germinate,and the seedling growth was promoted to a certain extent.Seeds and seedlings had a wide range of acid and alkali tolerance.Compared with seeds,seedlings had a stronger ability to withstand alkaline stress.It cauld be seen that the seeds of I.kirilowii were light insensitive seeds,frozen storage could obviously prolong the life of the seed.I.kirilowii seeds and seedlings could wider environmental suitable scope,and had a certain resistance to salt,acid and alkali resistance and drought tolerance.

关 键 词：花木蓝 种子萌发 种子贮藏 幼苗生长 环境因子 

分 类 号：S793.9[农业科学—林木遗传育种]