珍稀植物蒜头果扦插繁育技术研究  

Research on Cutting Propagation Technology of Rare Plant Malania oleifera

作　　者：耿云芬 王四海[1,2] 杨嫱 GENG Yunfen;WANG Sihai;YANG Qiang(Yunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland,Kunming 650201,China;Yunnan Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Cultivation and Utilization/State Forestry Administration Key Laboratory of Yunnan Rare and Endangered Species Conservation and Propagation,Kunming 650201,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省林业和草原科学院,昆明650201 [2]云南省森林植物培育与开发利用重点实验室/国家林业局云南珍稀濒特森林植物繁育和保护重点实验室,昆明650201

出　　处：《种子》2022年第5期139-143,共5页Seed

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31860081);国家科技基础资源调查专项资助(2017 FY 100105);云南省科技计划(202001 AS 070019);云南省技术创新人才培养资助项目(2019 HB 066)。

摘　　要：为了保护和可持续利用蒜头果资源,本研究从插条年龄、扦插基质和生长激素对扦插生根影响探讨蒜头果扦插的适宜条件。结果表明,插条的年龄越小越有利于扦插生根,当年生插条生根率最高(45±5.00)%,其次为一年生(38±7.64)%和二年生枝条(35±10.00)%,但是它们之间的差异并不显著(p>0.05),然而三年生枝条没有生根。在用于扦插的珍珠岩、河沙、椰糠+珍珠岩(1∶1)、土壤+珍珠岩(1∶1)、蛭石+珍珠岩(1∶1)、蛭石等6种基质中,透气保湿性好的椰糠+珍珠岩(1∶1)基质生根率最高(51.67±7.64)%,其次为蛭石+珍珠岩(1∶1)基质,生根率为(40.00±13.29)%。激素种类和浓度对蒜头果扦插生根都有显著影响,分别用1000 mg/L和200 mg/L的吲哚丁酸钾溶液处理插穗,生根率有着极显著差异(p<0.01),分别为(66.67±12.58)%和(38.33±7.64)%;上述同等浓度萘乙酸钠溶液处理插穗,生根率有着显著差异(p<0.05),分别为(45.00±8.66)%和(25.00±5.00)%;较高浓度的吲哚丁酸钾溶液(1000 mg/L和500 mg/L)与相同浓度的萘乙酸钠溶液相比能显著提高扦插生根率(p<0.05)。综上所述,蒜头果扦插选择幼嫩的当年生或一年生枝条,透气保湿性好的基质,较高浓度的吲哚丁酸钾溶液处理有利于插穗生根。In order to protect and sustainably utilize the resources of Malania oleifera,this study discussed the suitable conditions for Malania oleifera cuttings from the effects of cutting age,cutting substrate and growth hormone on the rooting of cuttings.The results showed that young cutting was easier to root.The rooting percentage was(45±5.00)%,(38±7.64)%,(35±10.00)%for current-year,one-year,two-year shoots,respectively,but this difference was not significant(p>0.05).While we did not find cutting rooting for three-year shoots.We used 6 substrates for cutting rooting,namely,perlite,sand,coconut coir dust∶perlite(1∶1),soil∶perlite(1∶1),vermiculite∶perlite(1∶1),vermiculite.Coconut coir dust∶perlite(1∶1)substrate was the best for rooting(51.67±7.64)%,the second was vermiculite∶perlite(1∶1)substrate(40.00±13.29)%.The type and concentration of hormone had significant influence on cutting rooting.The rooting percentage was(66.67±12.58)%and(38.33±7.64)%(p<0.01),when the cuttings were treated with IBA-K at a concentration of 1000 mg/L and 200 mg/L,respectively.At the same concentration of NAA-Na,the rooting percentage was(45.00±8.66)%and(25.00±5.00)%(p<0.05),respectively.IBA-K had more significant effect on rooting than NAA-Na at the same concentration(1000 mg/L or 500 mg/L)(p<0.05).In conclusion,good rooting conditions were young shoots,substrates with good air permeability and moisture retention and treating with higher concentration of IBA for cutting of Malania oleifera.

关 键 词：蒜头果 扦插 基质 激素 

分 类 号：S792.99[农业科学—林木遗传育种]