非氧化物陶瓷光固化增材制造研究进展及展望  

Research Progress and Prospects of Non-oxide Ceramic in Stereolithography Additive Manufacturing

作　　者：杨勇[1,2] 郭啸天 唐杰 常浩天 黄政仁 胡秀兰[3] YANG Yong;GUO Xiaotian;TANG Jie;CHANG Haotian;HUANG Zhengren;HU Xiulan(State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructures,Shanghai Institute of Ceramics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200050,China;College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;College of Materials Science and Engineering,Nanjing Tech University,Nanjing 211816,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所,高性能陶瓷和超微结构国家重点实验室,上海200050 [2]中国科学院大学材料科学与光电技术学院,北京100049 [3]南京工业大学材料科学与工程学院,南京211816

出　　处：《无机材料学报》2022年第3期267-277,共11页Journal of Inorganic Materials

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFB3701500);中国科学院科研装备研制项目(YZQT014)。

摘　　要：目前光固化3D打印技术因打印成型精度高而被广泛应用于陶瓷增材制造,其中非氧化物陶瓷如碳化硅、氮化硅等因打印材料粉体折射率和吸光度比较高,光固化陶瓷浆料存在分散稳定性差、入射光难穿透并产生光固化反应的固化层厚度低等问题,导致其固含量很难提高甚至于无法打印成型。高固含量的非氧化物陶瓷打印成型成为光固化3D打印的主要难点,吸引了广大学者对其光固化机理、粉体调控等机制进行研究。本文系统地总结了几种非氧化物陶瓷光固化浆料的制备、光固化成型、有机物去除及烧结致密化的研究工作,并就如何对光敏树脂组成进行调节、对陶瓷粉体进行改性的几种方法进行分析与讨论,针对性地提出创新方案来改善非氧化物陶瓷的浆料性能、光固化打印优化和致密化缺陷修复及性能提升,最终推动大尺寸、复杂结构的非氧化物陶瓷部件光固化增材制造高精度制备技术的进步。At present,stereolithography 3D printing technology is widely used in ceramic additive manufacturing because of its high printing accuracy.Among them,the stereolithography ceramic slurry of non-oxide ceramics such as silicon carbide,silicon nitride,etc.,has problems such as poor dispersion stability and low curing layer thickness because the incident light is difficult to penetrate and produce light curing reaction for printing high-solid-loading slurry.This is all because the refractive index and optical absorbance of the non-oxide ceramic printing material powder are relatively high.Therefore,printing and molding of high-solid-content non-oxide ceramics have become main challenges in stereolithography 3D printing,and the technology has attracted a large number of researchers to study its light-curing mechanism,powder control and other mechanisms.This paper systematically summarizes the research works of several non-oxide ceramics such as light-curing slurry preparation,light-curing molding,organic matter removal,and sintering densification.It also analyzes and discusses several methods of adjusting composition of photosensitive resin and modifying ceramic powder,and proposes innovative solutions to improve the slurry performance of non-oxide ceramics,optimize its light-curing printing,repair its densification defects and improve its performance.And the ultimate goal is to promote the advancement of high-precision preparation technology for light-curing additive manufacturing of large-size,complex-structure non-oxide ceramic parts.

关 键 词：光固化 3D打印 非氧化物 致密化 综述 

分 类 号：TQ174[化学工程—陶瓷工业]