富勒烯基苯胺类安定剂对硝化棉热分解行为的影响研究  

Effect of aniline-fullerene-based stabilizer on thermal decomposition of nitrocellulose

作　　者：赵杨 金波 彭汝芳 Yang Zhao;Bo Jin;Ru-Fang Peng(State Key Laboratory of Environmental Friendly Energy Materials,Southwest University of Science and Technology,Mianyang 621010,China)

机构地区：[1]西南科技大学环境友好能源材料国家重点实验室,绵阳621010

出　　处：《中国科学：化学》2022年第5期758-767,共10页SCIENTIA SINICA Chimica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:51972278);四川省优秀青年科技人才计划(编号:19JCQN0085);西南科技大学环境友好型能源材料国家重点实验室课题(编号:20fksy16)资助项目。

摘　　要：本文采用差热分析法、等温热失重试验法、甲基紫试纸试验法、绝热加速量热法和差示扫描量热法等热分析技术研究了富勒烯基苯胺类衍生物对硝化棉热分解行为的影响.差热分析结果表明,添加富勒烯基苯胺类安定剂后,硝化棉的热爆炸临界温度提高了0.36~7.62℃.等温热失重试验与甲基紫试纸试验的结论具有较高的一致性,结果表明,富勒烯基苯胺类安定剂可以有效延长硝化棉试样使甲基紫试纸变色的时间以及达到相同失重率所需的时间;绝热加速量热分析结果表明,富勒烯基苯胺类安定剂虽然对硝化棉绝热分解初期的分解压力和分解温度影响不大,但可以有效降低硝化棉绝热分解的最高温升速率;差示扫描量热中断回扫试验结果表明,富勒烯基苯胺类安定剂对硝化棉的热安定性效果明显,对硝化棉的自催化分解具有明显的抑制作用.The influence of aniline-fullerene-based stabilizer on the thermal decomposition behavior of nitrocellulose was studied by thermal analysis,isotherm thermogravimetric test,methyl purple paper test,adiabatic accelerated calorimetry and differential scanning calorimetry.The results of the differential thermal analysis showed that the critical temperature of the thermal explosion of nitrocellulose increased 0.36–7.62°C with the addition of aniline-fullerenebased stabilizer.The results of the isothermal thermogravimetric analysis are in good agreement with the conclusions of the methyl violet test paper.The results show that an aniline-fullerene-based stabilizer can effectively prolong the discoloration time of methyl violet test paper and the time required to achieve the same weight loss rate of nitrocellulose samples.The results of adiabatic accelerated calorimetry showed that although aniline-fullerene-based stabilizer had little effect on the pressure and temperature at the initial stage of adiabatic decomposition of nitrocellulose,it could effectively reduce the maximum temperature rise rate.The effects of thermal history on the thermal decomposition of nitrocellulose samples are investigated by DSC interruption and re-scanning method.The results showed that the aniline-fullerene-based stabilizer had obvious thermal stability effect on nitrocellulose and inhibited the autocatalytic decomposition of nitrocellulose.

关 键 词：硝化棉 安定剂 富勒烯衍生物 热分解 绝热加速量热 差热分析 

分 类 号：TQ560.1[化学工程—炸药化工]