地面气象测量温度传感器的设计与实验研究  

Design and experimental study of temperature sensor for ground surface meteorological measurement

作　　者：王帅 刘清惓[1,2] 杨杰 葛祥建 WANG Shuai;LIU Qingquan;YANG Jie;GE Xiangjian(Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing 210044,China;Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Meteorological Observation and Information Processing,Nanjing 210044,China)

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学江苏省大气环境与装备技术协同创新中心,江苏南京210044 [2]江苏省气象探测与信息处理重点实验室,江苏南京210044

出　　处：《传感器与微系统》2022年第6期25-28,共4页Transducer and Microsystem Technologies

基　　金：国家公益性行业(气象)科研专项项目(GYHY200906037);国家自然科学基金面上资助项目(41875035);江苏省产学研合作项目(BY2020403)。

摘　　要：根据国家基准气候站和基本气象站的记录,近54年来我国年平均地表气温变化幅度为1.3℃。然而实际测量过程中,观测站采用的百叶箱和防辐射罩的辐射误差通常可达1℃以上。为了降低辐射误差,提出了一种地面气象测量温度传感器。该传感器包括导流通风防辐射罩、高反射率铂电阻探头、高精度嵌入式温度采集系统及误差修正算法。首先,通过计算流体动力学(CFD)方法计算不同环境因素下的辐射误差;然后,利用反向传播(BP)神经网络算法进行拟合仿真得到辐射误差修正公式模型;最后,在室外综合观测基地对此温度传感器测量精度进行验证。结果表明:温度传感器的修正值与参考值的误差ΔT平均值为0.052℃,均方根误差为0.039℃,有望将辐射误差降至0.1℃以内。According to records of national reference climate stations and basic weather stations,China’s annual mean ground surface temperature in the past 54 years has changed by 1.3℃.However,in the actual measurement process,the radiation errors of the shelters and shelters used in observation stations are usually above 1℃.In order to reduce the radiation error,a ground surface temperature sensor for meteorological measurement is proposed.The sensor includes a ventilation and radiation shield,a platinum resistance probe with high reflectivity,a high precision embedded temperature acquisition system and an error correction algorithm.Firstly,the computational fluid dynamics(CFD)method calculated the radiation error under different environmental factors.Then the radiation error correction formula model is obtained by fitting simulation using back propagation(BP)neural network algorithm.Finally,the measurement accuracy of the temperature sensor was verified in the outdoor comprehensive observation base.The results show that the average errorΔT between the modified value and the reference value of the temperature sensor is 0.052℃,and the root mean square error(RMSE)is 0.039℃.It is expected to reduce the radiation error to less than 0.1℃.

关 键 词：地面气象测量 温度传感器 辐射误差修正 神经网络算法 计算流体力学 

分 类 号：TP212[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] P412[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]