2006—2020年扬州市居民急性农药中毒状况分析  

Analysis of acute pesticide poisoning among residents in Yangzhou from 2006 to 2020

作　　者：周信 潘兴扬 姚影 窦建瑞 周敬东 沈涵[2] 刘炘[2] ZHOU Xin;PAN Xing-yang;YAO Ying;DOU Jian-ru;ZHOU Jing-dong;SHEN Han;LIU Xin(Yangzhou City Center for Disease Control and Prevention Scenic Spot,Jiangsu 225001,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]扬州市疾病预防控制中心景区分中心,江苏225001 [2]江苏省疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《工业卫生与职业病》2022年第3期211-214,221,共5页Industrial Health and Occupational Diseases

基　　金：扬州市科技发展计划项目(YZ2020094);江苏省卫生健康委医学科研项目(N2020178);扬州市第四期“英才培育计划”。

摘　　要：目的 了解扬州市急性农药中毒的现状、原因和规律,为防治扬州市居民急性农药中毒提供科学依据。方法 根据《中国疾病预防控制信息系统-职业病与职业卫生信息监测系统》中提供的2006-2020年间扬州市居民急性农药中毒上报数据,分析扬州市急性农药中毒的发生和死亡规律。结果 2006-2020年扬州市急性农药中毒共报告病例725例,死亡36例,病死率为5.0%;其中2007年急性农药中毒人数最多,2011年之后急性农药中毒人数总体呈下降的趋势;中毒病例中男性308例、女性417例,男女比例为0.7∶1;以30~44岁中毒人数占比最高,为30.1%;中毒方式以口服自杀人数占比最高,为73.1%;急性农药中毒有明显的季节性,以第三、第四季度居多,其中生产性急性农药中毒报告病例128例,占17.7%,病死率0%,有区域集中性和季节集中性,以有机磷杀虫剂中毒人数最多;非生产性农药中毒597例,占82.3%,死亡36例,病死率为6.0%,无区域集中性和季节集中性,以有机磷杀虫剂中毒人数最多。结论 非生产性急性农药中毒是扬州市居民农药中毒和死亡的主要原因,特别是口服中毒,各有关部门应该加强对农药生产及使用的安全管理和控制。Objective To analyze the current situation, reason, regular pattern of acute pesticide poisoning in Yangzhou city, provideing scientific basic data for prevention and treatment. Methods According to the acute pesticide poisoning reporting data of the Yangzhou city retrieved from the Information System of China Disease Control and Prevention for Occupational Disease and Occupational Health Information Monitoring System from 2006 to 2020,the patterns of morbidity and mortality were analyzed. Result A total of 725 cases of acute pesticide poisoning from 2006 to 2020 were reported in Yangzhou city, and 36 cases died, giving it a fatality rate of 5.0%. The number of acute pesticide poisonings was the highest in 2007,the number of acute pesticide poisonings showed downtrend after 2011. Among the poisoning cases, 308 were males and 417 were females, the sex ratio was 0.7:1,and the 30~44 years old poisoned population accounted for the highest proportion, which was 30.1%,and the oral suicide accounted for the highest proportion of poisoning methods, accounting for 73.1%;Acute pesticide poisoning had the seasonal concentration, mostly in the third and fourth quarters.128 cases were productive acute pesticide poisoning, accounting for 17.7%,and the fatality rate was 0%. There was regional concentration and seasonal concentration, with organophosphorus pesticide poisoning mainly.There were 597 cases who were Non-Productive poisoning, accounting for 82.3%,36 cases died and the case fatality rate was 6.0%.There were no regional concentration and the seasonal concentration, and organophosphorus pesticide poisoning have the largest number of poisoning victims. Conclusion Non-productive acute pesticide poisoning is the main cause of pesticide poisoning and death in Yangzhou city, especially oral poisoning, the departments should strengthen the safety management and the control of pesticide production and usage.

关 键 词：农药 急性中毒 流行病学 扬州 

分 类 号：R139.3[医药卫生—劳动卫生]