科技期刊和大众媒体对科学新闻传播优先权的争夺--Nature实证研究之八  

Competition Between Scientific Journals and Mass Media for the Priority of Science News Communication:An Empirical Study of Nature

作　　者：江晓原[1] 穆蕴秋[1] JIANG Xiaoyuan;MU Yunqiu(School of History and Culture of Science,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学科学史与科学文化研究院,上海200240

出　　处：《上海交通大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2022年第3期89-102,共14页Journal of Shanghai Jiao tong University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

摘　　要：科学新闻的商业价值,在当下中国还没有进入期刊及其出版者的视野,而在西方国家,科学新闻已成为多年来各方激烈争夺的重要商业资源。为掌控科学成果发布的话语权,《新英格兰医学杂志》在20世纪70年代率先制定“媒体禁制令”,禁止科学家和大众媒体在科技期刊发表学术论文之前报道论文中的研究成果,如今,它已成为西方顶级科技期刊奉行的行业准则之一。本文通过重要实例,对“媒体禁制令”的实际操作过程和成效,施行以来学术期刊和大众媒体之间争夺科学新闻传播优先权的博弈,生物制药公司和NASA等机构对待媒体禁制令的不同方式和态度,进行了深入分析和考察,在此基础上明确揭示了欧美科技期刊施行“媒体禁制令”的商业实质。Presently, journals and their publishers in China have not yet paid any attention to the commercial value of science news which has become an important commercial resource fiercely competed by all parties for many years in western countries. In the 1970 s, The New England Journal of Medicine took the lead in implementing “News Embargo”, which forbade scientists and the mass media from reporting research findings before they were published, and had become one of the guidelines for top scientific journals in the west. This paper makes an in-depth analysis of the actual operation process and effectiveness of “News Embargo”, the game between academic journals and the mass media since the implementation of “News Embargo”, and the different ways and attitudes of biopharmaceutical companies and NASA held against “News Embargo”. Accordingly, it clearly reveals the commercial essence of “News Embargo” implemented by European and American top scientific journals.

关 键 词：科技期刊 大众传媒 英格尔芬格规则 媒体禁制令 

分 类 号：G321[文化科学] G206