非地理因素在国际海洋划界实践中的能动作用论析  

On the Active Role of Non-geographical Factors in the Practice of International Maritime Delimitation

作　　者：孙传香 SUN Chuanxiang

机构地区：[1]湖南人文科技学院法学院

出　　处：《武大国际法评论》2022年第2期98-119,共22页Wuhan University International Law Review

基　　金：2021年度国家社科基金项目“国际海洋划界方法论视角下习惯国际法规则的实证研究”(项目批准号:21BFX162);2020年度教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目“国际海洋划界三阶段实体规则的形成与流变研究(1969—2019)”(项目批准号:20YJA820017);2018年度湖南省哲学社会科学基金重点项目“国际海洋划界三阶段实体规则的司法实践与最新发展研究”(项目批准号:18ZDB016)的阶段性成果之一。

摘　　要：在国际海洋划界实践中,诸如经济、安全与防卫、航行及能源安全等单一的非地理因素难以发挥影响界线位置的作用。但是,当存在多个非地理因素且累积后对某一当事方产生重大利益时,仍将其视为单一非地理因素且忽视其划界效力将影响海洋的公平划界。有必要将非地理因素纳入海洋划界的考虑范畴,“重大利益”为其创设了一个内涵更广的概念,即全面考虑沿海国因非地理因素产生的国家利益,以此发挥非地理因素累积后的矫正功能。非地理因素累积后产生的“重大利益”所能发挥的作用具有消极性与防御性,其在海洋划界中的效力也不宜无限放大。国际(准)司法机构应在基于相关国家地理地貌对海洋界线作出基本判断的同时,兼顾多个非地理因素累积后对海洋划界的影响,最大限度地实现海洋划界的公平解决。In the practice of international maritime delimitation, single non-geographical factor such as economy, security or defense, navigation and energy security is difficult to play a role in affecting the position of the boundary.When a party has multiple non-geographic factors and accumulated “major interests” to it, ignoring the effect of multiple non-geographic factors will impede the equitable delimitation of the sea. It is necessary to incorporate non-geographical factors into the consideration of maritime delimitation.“Major interests”has created a broader concept for it, which fully considers the national interests of coastal states arising from non-geographical factors to the utmost extent, to play the corrective function of fair results after accumulation of non-geographic factors. The role of “major interests” generated by the accumulation of non-geographical factors is negative and defensive, and its effect in maritime delimitation should not be infinitely magnified. International(quasi) judicial bodies should make basic judgments on maritime boundaries based on the geographical features of the relevant countries, while taking into account the cumulative impact of multiple non-geographical factors on maritime delimitation, so as to achieve an equitable solution.

关 键 词：非地理因素 海洋划界 重大利益 公平结果 

分 类 号：D993.5[政治法律—国际法学]