真空低温太阳辐照环境下的天线热变形测量技术  

Technique for measuring thermal deformation of antenna under solar irradiation in vacuum cryogenic environment

作　　者：蒋山平 黄海[1] 张鹏嵩[2] 李竑松[2] 陶东兴[2] 杨林华 徐焱林[2] JIANG Shanping;HUANG Hai;ZHANG Pengsong;LI Hongsong;TAO Dongxing;YANG Linhua;XU Yanlin(School of Astronautics,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China;Beijing Institute of Spacecraft Environment Engineering,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学宇航学院,北京100191 [2]北京卫星环境工程研究所,北京100094

出　　处：《航天器环境工程》2022年第3期268-273,共6页Spacecraft Environment Engineering

摘　　要：航天器结构在轨受到空间外热流影响而产生巨大温度梯度,将导致结构热致变形,为了保证有关地面模拟考核验证的有效性,必须对在轨外热流进行尽可能真实的模拟,同时采用高精度的热变形测量手段获取航天器的结构变形数据。文章介绍了一种热变形测试试验方法,系国内首次将太阳模拟器外热流模拟法和非接触摄影测量法结合应用在某天线的地面模拟热变形测试试验中,在真实模拟天线在轨温度分布的同时精确获取了天线上大量的点云变形数据。经数据比较分析,天线变形实测数据与在轨仿真分析一致,在1.5 m口径范围内的变形测量精度优于15μm,验证了该测试试验方法的有效性,为航天器结构的在轨热效应模拟和测试评估提供了新的试验手段。The structure of the spacecraft in orbit is vulnerable to the external heat flow environment, with a huge temperature gradient and related with structural thermal deformation. In order to improve the effectiveness of related ground assessment test, a high realistic simulation of the on-orbit heat flow is required, and highprecision thermal deformation measurements are to be performed to obtain the structural deformation data. This paper presents a method for the thermal deformation test, that is, the external heat flow simulation using the solar simulator, combined with the non-contact photogrammetry of an antenna in a vacuum cryogenic environment.The on-orbit temperature distributions of the antenna are simulated, and a large amount of the point cloud deformation data on the antenna are accurately obtained. The comparisons show that the measured data of the antenna’s deformation are consistent with the simulation analysis, and the deformation measurement accuracy is better than 15 μm over the entire 1.5 m aperture. Thus the effectiveness of the solar thermal deformation test method is verified, which can provide a new test approach for the on-orbit thermal effect simulation, test and evaluation for the spacecraft structure.

关 键 词：真空低温环境 数字近景摄影测量 太阳模拟器 航天器结构 热变形测量 

分 类 号：TN206[电子电信—物理电子学] V416.5[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]