仿生叠层构型石墨烯对铝基复合材料的纳米摩擦性能的影响  

Nano-Tribological Properties of Bio-Inspired Laminated Graphene Reinforced Aluminum Martrix Composite

作　　者：叶雯婷 周青[1] 罗大微 李赞[2] 陈小林 王显宗 王海丰[1] 管仁国 YE Wenting;ZHOU Qing;LUO Dawei;LI Zan;CHEN Xiaolin;WANG Xianzong;WANG Haifeng;GUAN Renguo(State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing,Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal Materials,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Shaanxi Xi'an 710072,China;State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China;Engineering Research Center of Continuous Extrusion,Ministry of Education,Dalian Jiaotong University,Liaoning Dalian 116028,China)

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学凝固技术国家重点实验室先进润滑与密封材料研究中心,陕西西安710072 [2]上海交通大学金属基复合材料国家重点实验室,上海200240 [3]大连交通大学连续挤压教育部工程研究中心,辽宁大连116028

出　　处：《摩擦学学报》2022年第2期338-346,共9页Tribology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51871184和51801161);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划(2019JQ-020)资助。

摘　　要：利用纳米压痕和纳米划痕试验表征了仿生叠层构型铝基石墨烯复合材料(Bio-inspired laminated graphene reinforced aluminum martrix composite,BAMC)与纯铝的力学性能和摩擦磨损性能.鉴于摩擦力由黏着作用和犁沟作用两分量共同组成,对比探究了BAMC与纯铝在微观摩擦磨损过程中的弹塑性转变过程,分析了黏着作用与犁沟作用在摩擦力中的贡献度,揭示了其微观摩擦磨损机制.结果表明:相较于纯铝,BAMC的纳米硬度提高了约24%,总摩擦系数(Friction coefficient)降低了约28%,黏着作用分量和犁沟作用分量分别降低了32%和16%.换言之,复合材料中的异质界面产生异质变形诱导强化,进而增强了应变硬化,使仿生叠层石墨烯铝基复合材料的硬度得到明显提升,并且仿生叠层构型的石墨烯主要通过降低黏着作用来实现减磨.从微纳米尺度揭示了BAMC的力学性能和摩擦磨损性能显著提升的机理,可为提升其摩擦磨损性能提供理论依据.目前的工作通过纳米划痕和纳米压痕强调了叠层结构石墨烯的添加对块体复合材料的摩擦性能的影响,并表明仿生叠层构型铝基石墨烯是搭建仿生叠层结构的小尺寸理想增强体.Natural biological materials(such as bones,shells and spider silk,etc.)have evolved for a long time to obtain an ideal laminated structure composed of different materials arranged alternately,and consequently acquire excellent properties.As one of emerging two-dimensional nanomaterials,graphene has attracted more and more attentions,which is an ideal reinforcing component to construct bio-inspired laminated structure.Nevertheless,there are still several problems to restrict the use of graphene.For example,the structural integrity of graphene is often difficult to be guaranteed through ball milling during conventional powder metallurgy process.In addition,it is very challenging for graphene to reliably coat the contact points between the spherical powders.Moreover,currently,most of the relevant studies on biomimetic laminated graphene composites focus on the strengthening and toughening mechanism,and few studies focus on the microscopic friction,which can help reveal the intrinsic friction mechanism.In this work,nanoindentation and nanoscratch were used to study the mechanical properties and friction and wear properties of bio-inspired laminated aluminum matrix composite(BAMC).Herein,by assembling aluminum flakes cladded with graphene,BAMC inspired by natural biological materials was designed and prepared by means of improved powder metallurgy.The structural integrity of graphene can be ensured to the greatest extent by avoiding the structural destruction of graphene in the ball milling process.With the continuous update of material characterization technology,nano-testing technology has been widely used.Nanoscratch and nanoindentation testing techniques have mainly been used to characterize and analyze the mechanical properties of materials,critical depth of elastoplastic transition,microscopic deformation behavior,and friction and wear properties by single asperity.The complex surface interactions during macroscopic wear still remain to be a challenge to understand.Apparently,nanoscratch and nanoindentation test

关 键 词：石墨烯 金属基复合材料 仿生构型 纳米摩擦性能 硬度 

分 类 号：TH117.2[机械工程—机械设计及理论]