乳化液泵卸载阀主阀失效机理分析  

Failure mechanism of the main valve in unloading valve of emulsion pump

作　　者：王晓凯 WANG Xiao-kai(Taiyuan Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,China Coal Technology and Engineering Group,Taiyuan 030006,China;Shanxi Tiandi Coal Mining Machinery Co.,Ltd.,Taiyuan 030006,China;National Engineering Laboratory for Coal Mining Machinery,Taiyuan 030006,China)

机构地区：[1]中国煤炭科工集团太原研究院有限公司,山西太原030006 [2]山西天地煤机装备有限公司,山西太原030006 [3]煤矿采掘机械装备国家工程实验室,山西太原030006

出　　处：《煤炭工程》2022年第5期120-124,共5页Coal Engineering

基　　金：山西转型综合改革示范区科技创新项目(KY202063);山西天地煤机装备有限公司自立项目(M2020-ZD07)。

摘　　要：为了判定乳化液泵卸载阀主阀的失效机理,根据卸载阀使用时的实际工况,搭建了卸载阀液压模型,对主阀启闭过程中,阀芯速度、位移以及阀口压力、流量进行了研究,发现主阀在开启过程中阀芯震颤严重,压力流量波动范围大,较闭合过程而言,对主阀的失效影响更大。经过理论计算,得出主阀开启后稳态时的阀芯开口量,并对主阀稳态及瞬态开启过程进行了分析,得出了各状态下主阀压力、速度、湍动能以及流体轨迹的变化情况,着重对主阀a/b/c处损伤原因进行了判定分析。结果表明,阀芯a处损伤主要因瞬态气蚀、涡流造成,b处损伤主要因瞬态及稳态流体涡流造成,阀套c处损伤主要因瞬态及稳态气蚀造成。In order to determine the failure mechanism of the unloading valve’s main valve of the emulsion pump,according to the actual working conditions of the unloading valve,the hydraulic model was established.During analysis the spool’s speed and displacement and valve’s pressure and flow rate in the opening and closing process of the main valve,it was found that the main valve spool vibrated severely during the opening process,and the pressure and flow fluctuation range was larger compared with the closing process,it had a greater impact on the failure of the main valve.After theoretical calculations,the steady-state opening amount of the main valve was obtained,the steady-state and transient opening process of the main valve were analyzed,and the changes of the main valve pressure,velocity,turbulent kinetic energy and fluid trajectory under various states were obtained,the cause of failure at a/b/c of main valve was analyzed.The results show that,as spot a,failure of the valve core is mainly caused by transient cavitation and vortex;at spot b,the failure is mainly caused by transient and steady fluid vortex;and at spot c,the failure of the valve sleeve are mainly caused by transient and steady cavitation.

关 键 词：卸载阀 锥阀 气蚀 涡流 湍动能 

分 类 号：TD421[矿业工程—矿山机电] TH137.52[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]