基于电磁热耦合的感应加热65Mn带钢有限元仿真  

Finite Element Simulation of Induction Heating 65Mn Tape⁃steel Based on Electromagnetic Thermal Coupling

作　　者：张鹏飞 王德成[1] 程鹏[1] 邵晨曦[1] ZHANG Pengfei;WANG Decheng;CHENG Peng;SHAO Chenxi(China Productivity Center for Machinery,China Academy of Machinery Science and Technology,Beijing 100044,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国机械科学研究总院中机生产力促进中心,北京100044 [2]北京科技大学材料科学与工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《材料导报》2022年第12期150-155,共6页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2019ZX04004⁃001,2018ZX04020001)。

摘　　要：电磁感应加热是涉及磁场、电场、温度场、相变和应力应变的过程,在整个电磁感应过程中交变电流产生电磁场,电磁场会影响交变的电场,具有加热效率高、可自动控制、环境污染小和加热周期短等优点。根据麦克斯韦方程组和温度微分方程,建立电磁场与温度场耦合的有限元数学模型,利用有限元软件Maxwell 3D建立横截面为3 mm×12 mm的65Mn带钢电磁热耦合数学模型,分析电流频率、交变电流和位置对带钢的磁场强度、磁通量密度、电流密度和温度场的影响规律。研究发现,随着电磁感应线圈电流频率和交变电流的增大,感应加热65Mn带钢的磁场强度、磁通量密度、电流密度和温度场也进一步增大,且带钢上部和下部的磁场强度、磁通量密度、电流密度较中部大。同时,采用电磁感应加热设备对65Mn带钢进行试验,研究了电磁感应加热带钢芯部和表面的温度变化、带钢横截面的微观组织变化和硬度变化。结果表明,在相同电流频率、不同交变电流下,电流透入深度基本不变,约为115μm,这是因为电流透入深度只与电流频率、导体磁导率和电阻率有关。当感应线圈交变电流为210 A时,感应加热后65Mn带钢部分被奥氏体化,集肤效应区域硬度较低。Electromagnetic induction heating is an electromagnetic field produced by alternating current,and alternating magnetic field can cause alternating electric field.Electromagnetic induction heating is a complex process involving electric field,magnetic field,temperature field,stress strain and phase transition.It has the advantages of high heating efficiency,automatic control,less environmental pollution and shorter heating period.According to Maxwell􀆳s equations and temperature differential equations,the finite element mathematical model of electromagnetic field and temperature field coupling was established.The electromagnetic and thermal coupling mathematical model of 65Mn tape⁃steel with a cross section of 3 mm×12 mm was established by using finite element software Maxwell 3D.The influences of magnetic field intensity,magnetic flux density,current density and temperature field at different current frequencies,alternating current and different positions of tape⁃steel were analyzed.It is found that the magnetic field intensity,magnetic flux density,current density and temperature field of inductively heated 65Mn tape⁃steel are further increased with the increase of the current frequency and alternating current of the electromagnetic induction coil,and the magnetic field intensity,magnetic flux density and current density of the upper and lower parts of the tape⁃steel are larger than those of the middle part.At the same time,the electromagnetic induction heating equipment was used to experiment the 65Mn tape⁃steel,studying the temperature changes of the core and surface of the steel,as well as the microstructure changes of the cross section of the tape⁃steel and the microhardness curve.The results show that under the same current frequency and different alternating current,the current penetration depth is about 115μm,which is basically unchanged,because the current penetration depth is only related to the current frequency,conductor permeability and resistivity.When the alternating current of the

关 键 词：65Mn 带钢 感应加热 电磁热 有限元仿真 微观组织 

分 类 号：TG113[金属学及工艺—物理冶金] TG161[金属学及工艺—金属学]