海洋生态环境损害法律救济机制之困境与出路——以生态文明为研究视域  

The Predicament of Legal Remedy Mechanism for Marine Ecological Environment Damage and Its Solution——From the Perspective of Ecological Civilization

作　　者：黎森荣 谢尚果 LI Senrong;XIE Shangguo(School of Law,Guangxi Minzu University,Nanning 530006,China)

机构地区：[1]广西民族大学法学院,南宁530006

出　　处：《中国国土资源经济》2022年第6期10-18,共9页Natural Resource Economics of China

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“中华民族伟大复兴视域下民族事务治理法治化研究”(19ZDA170)。

摘　　要：当前我国海洋生态环境损害法律救济机制建设面临着索赔主体认定、海洋环境公益诉讼程序、海洋生态补偿立法规定、陆海生态环境保护法律衔接、治理主体职能调适等多重挑战,亟需健全的法律损害救济机制提供司法护航。基于此,在借鉴美国和欧盟海洋治理经验的基础上,提出我国海洋生态环境损害法律救济机制的完善路径:(1)明确海洋生态损害救济索赔法律主体;(2)完善海洋环境公益诉讼起诉程序;(3)细化海洋生态补偿法律规定;(4)促进陆海两套环境法律制度之间的有效衔接;(5)优化海洋生态环境管理体制。At present,the construction of the legal relief mechanism for marine ecological environment damages in China is facing multiple challenges,such as the identification of the claim subject,the public interest litigation procedure of marine environment,the legislative provisions of marine ecological compensation,the legal connection of land and sea ecological environment protection,and the adjustment of the functions of governance subjects.A sound legal damage relief mechanism is urgently needed to provide judicial escort.Based on this,on the basis of drawing lessons from the marine governance experience of the United States and the European Union,the paper puts forward the improvement path of China’s legal relief mechanism for marine ecological environment damages as follows:(1) clarify the legal subject of marine ecological damage relief claim;(2) improve the prosecution procedure of marine environmental public interest litigation;(3) refine the legal provisions of marine ecological compensation;(4) promote the effective connection between the two sets of environmental legal systems on land and sea;(5) optimize the management system of marine ecological environment.

关 键 词：生态文明 海洋生态环境损害 损害救济 海洋管理体制 

分 类 号：F205[经济管理—国民经济] F062.1[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备] TE991.5