国民经济学及其研究对象与研究方法的演进  

The Origin,Research Object and Method Evolution of National Economics

作　　者：赵德起[1] 刘书昊 ZHAO Deqi;LIU Shuhao(School of Economy,Liaoning University,Shenyang 110136,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁大学经济学院,辽宁沈阳110136

出　　处：《辽宁大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2021年第6期18-38,F0002,共22页Journal of Liaoning University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金后期资助重点项目“中国特色国民经济学思想史”(20FJLA001);辽宁省教育厅新型智库项目“制度创新推动乡村振兴的体制机制与对策建议研究”(LZK201904);辽宁省教育厅创新团队“国民经济学”建设项目(WT2019003)。

摘　　要：国民经济学是一门历史悠久且具有鲜明中国特色的学科,并在优化与创新中不断发展。文章首先阐述了国民经济学的起源及其在中国发展的过程;其次,梳理了国民经济学研究对象的相关文献,明确了国民经济学研究对象的演进规律;最后,在了解国民经济学的研究方法基础上,针对现有的研究方法体系存在的不足试图提出合理的改进建议。文章的主要观点:一是长期以来国民经济学的研究以“国”为主,“民”相对不足,历史逻辑鲜明,理论逻辑相对不足;二是我国从计划经济向市场经济转变过程中,国民经济学的发展可分为萌芽期、建设期、发展期以及完善期;三是国民经济系统是国民经济学的“框架”,其将国民经济学的各个分支有机组合起来,为国民经济运行及国民经济发展提供支撑,是主要研究对象;四是国民经济学的研究方法应结合我国的发展实际,摆脱传统思维定式,从方法导向转向问题导向,从而建立更为科学的国民经济学方法体系。National economics is a subject with a long history and distinctive Chinese characteristics,which is developing continuously in optimization and innovation.This paper first reviews the origin and development of national economics in China,then sorts out the relevant literature of the research object of national economics and clarifies its evolution law,and finally puts forward suggestions for improvement in view of the shortcomings of the existing research method system on the basis of understanding the research methods of national economics.The main points of this paper are as follows.First,for a long time,the research of national economics has been dominated by“state”rather than by“people”,with a distinct historical logic and an insufficient theoretical logic.Second,the development of national economics can be divided into the four periods of germination,construction,development and perfection.Third,the national economic system,as the main research object,is the“framework”of national economics,which organically combines all branches of national economics to provide guarantee and support for national economic operation and development strategy and planning.Fourthly,the research methods of national economics should be combined with the actual development of our country and break away from the traditional method-oriented thinking to problem-oriented pattern,building a more scientific method system for national economics.

关 键 词：国民经济学 研究对象 研究方法 演进 

分 类 号：F20[经济管理—国民经济]