咀嚼盐阈值片与食盐摄入量的关系探讨  

Relationship of chewing salt-taste threshold tablets and salt intake

作　　者：王鸿懿[1] 孙宁玲[1] 中国医疗保健国际交流促进会高血压分会 中国控盐血压管理工作组 Wang Hongyi;Sun Ningling;Hypertension Branch of China International Exchange and Promotive Association for Medical and Health Care;China Salt-Control and Blood Pressure Management Working Group

机构地区：[1]北京大学人民医院高血压研究室,100044 [2]不详

出　　处：《中华老年心脑血管病杂志》2022年第6期579-582,共4页Chinese Journal of Geriatric Heart,Brain and Vessel Diseases

基　　金：首都卫生发展科研专项项目(首发2018-2Z-4087)。

摘　　要：目的分析咀嚼盐阈值片与钠盐摄入量的关系。方法研究人群来源于2018年1~12月我国21个省市113个高血压中心,可以进行24 h尿钠测定的医疗机构。共入选完整有效高血压患者4208例,1、2、3、4号盐阈值患者分别为867例、1374例、1512例和455例。年龄<45岁938例,45~64岁1981例,≥65岁1289例。所有患者测定坐位血压、24 h尿钠,并咀嚼盐阈值片,分析不同盐阈值与24 h尿钠排泄以及血压水平的相关性。结果所有患者平均血压(136.7±14.6)/(90.5±8.9)mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa),24 h尿钠(141.2±78.1)mmol/d,相当于食盐量8.26 g/d。1、2、3、4号盐阈值相应钠盐摄入量分别为6.2、7.8、9.2和10.3 g/d。<45岁和45~64岁患者食盐量明显高于≥65岁患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。多元回归分析显示,调整年龄、性别、地区和血压因素后,以1号盐阈值作为对比参数,3、4号盐阈值食盐风险明显增高(OR=1.31,95%CI:1.35~4.98,P=0.033;OR=1.33,95%CI:1.28~7.23,P=0.045)。结论咀嚼盐阈值片可反映不同的食盐摄入量,当高血压患者盐阈值片≥3号时需采取积极控盐措施。Objective To analyze the relationship between chewing salt-taste threshold tablets and salt intake.Methods The study population was derived from 113 hypertension centers in 21 provinces and municipals in China from January to December 2018,and all of these medical institutions were able to measure 24-hour urinary sodium excretion.A total of 4208 eligible hypertensive patients were enrolled,including 867,1374,1512 and 455 patients respectively with No.1,2,3 and 4 salt-taste threshold.There were 938 cases aged<45 years,1981 cases aged 45-64 years and 1289 cases aged≥65 years.All patients underwent sitting blood pressure measurement to determine the blood pressure value.Their 24-hour urinary sodium was measured,and the urinary sodium excretion was recorded.At the same time,each patient was asked to chew salt-taste threshold tablet.The correlations of different salt-taste thresholds and 24-hour urinary sodium excretion and blood pressure were analyzed.Results The mean blood pressure was 136.7±14.6/90.5±8.9 mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa),and the mean 24-hour urinary sodium excretion was 141.2±78.1 mmol/d,which was equal to salt intake of 8.26 g/d.The amount of salt-intake was 6.2,7.8,9.2 and 10.3 g/d respectively in the patients with No.1,2,3 and 4 salt-taste thresholds.The salt intake was significantly larger in the middle-aged and young people(<45 years old and 45 to 64 years old)than in the elderly(≥65 years old).Multiple regression analysis showed that after adjusting for age,gender,region and blood pressure,the patients with No.3 and No.4 salttaste thresholds had obviously higher risk of higher salt intake when compared to the patients with No.1 salt-taste threshold(OR=1.31,95%CI:1.35-4.98,P=0.033;OR=1.33,95%CI:1.28-7.23,P=0.045).Conclusion Chewing salt-taste threshold tablets can reflect the salt intake lev-el,and active salt-control measurements should be taken when the salt threshold is higher than No.3 tablet in patients with hypertension.

关 键 词：高血压 氯化钠 膳食 流行病学 尿分析 

分 类 号：R544.1[医药卫生—心血管疾病]