舆论表达中的情感分层——以情感宽度为测量指标的分析  

Emotional Stratification in Opinion Expression Online Towards the Issue of “The Reform of Individual Income Tax”: An Analysis Based on the Measurement of Emotional Coverage

作　　者：晏齐宏 YAN Qihong

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学语言与传播学院,北京100044

出　　处：《湖南师范大学社会科学学报》2022年第3期144-156,共13页Journal of Social Science of Hunan Normal University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“智能推荐中算法感知对网络舆论的影响及治理机制研究”(21CXW007)。

摘　　要：网络舆论中的情感表达不仅具有个体性,更反映了一定的社会性。不同群体基于社会位置在特定情境下表达对特定议题的情感,由此情感表达也呈现出分层特征。从情感社会性角度,提出“情感资源论”和“情感控制论”两种理论视角,以阐释网络舆论中情感表达在不同社会位置群体中是如何呈现的。具体以2018年个税改革的微博表达为例,以能够反映情感种类丰富程度和分布程度的“情感宽度”为测量指标。研究发现,网络舆论中具有明显的情感分层特征,在各个政策阶段情感表达状态并不一样。同时,网络社会位置在多数情境下具有更强的情感分层特征,这主要是由于较高社会位置用户可以更好地利用网络将现实资源转化为网络资本。这一定程度上证实了情感资源理论。相比之下,网络仅仅为较低社会位置用户提供了表达空间,实质性的资源转化能力有待开发。同时,在政策确定期和执行期,人们会因社会位置、期望、满足、归因等而表现出明显的情感色彩,说明了情感控制理论的有效性。The expression of emotion in the public opinion online is characterized not only by its individuality, but also its sociality. Different groups express their opinions towards specific issues based on their social positions. Thus, a stratified emotional expression is presented. Drawing on the theory of emotional sociality, the current study puts forward two theoretical perspectives, “emotional resource theory” and “emotional control theory”, to illustrate how emotional expression in public opinion online is presented among population with different social positions. This study takes the opinion expression concerning the specific issue of “Reform of Individual Income Tax” in 2018 in Sina micro-blog as an example to prove it empirically. A measurement “emotional coverage” is proposed, which reflects the degree of emotional richness and distribution. It is found that there is a stratified emotional expression online obviously, which presents different emotional states in the four periods of policy-making. Furthermore, social position in cyberspace has stronger characteristic of emotional stratification in most situations, which is mainly because netizens with higher social position have stronger potential to transfer offline resources into online ones. Thus, the theory of emotional resources is confirmed to some extent. In contrast, the internet only provides the expression space for users with lower social position, and the transformation potential remains to be developed substantially. During the periods of policy determination and implementation, netizens experience obvious emotion due to social position, expectation, satisfaction, attribution, which demonstrates the effectiveness of the emotion control theory.

关 键 词：情感分层 网络舆论 社会位置 情感宽度 个税改革 政策过程 

分 类 号：C912.63[经济管理] G206[社会学]