重复使用航天运输系统发射运维需求分析  

Requirements of Operation and Maintenance for Reusable Launch Vehicles

作　　者：王珏[1] 蔡巧言[1] 王飞[1] 闻悦 Wang Jue;Cai Qiao-yan;Wang Fei;Wen Yue(China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology,Beijing,100076)

机构地区：[1]中国运载火箭技术研究院,北京100076

出　　处：《导弹与航天运载技术》2022年第3期1-7,共7页Missiles and Space Vehicles

摘　　要：重复使用运载航天运输系统是指可多次往返于地面与空间轨道,可完成快速远程运输、快速进出空间等多种任务,并可按需返回地面的航天飞行器。与一次性运载火箭相比,重复使用航天运输系统具有天地往返、服务多样、水平着陆等特点,对发射运行维护提出了新的需求。基于国外发展情况及趋势,深入分析了重复使用运载器的研制特点及难点,提出了重复使用对发射运维的需求,包括建立运维中心、具备快速发射能力、实现重复使用检测与评估等方面,为重复使用航天运输系统的发展提供支撑。Reusable launch vehicle refers to spacecraft that travel between ground and orbits for multiple times,implementing multiple tasks including long-range transportation,rapid space access and return,etc.Compared with expandable launch vehicle,reusable launch vehicle is characterized as earth-to-orbit,multi-task,and vertical-landing,hence new requirements of operation and maintenance are needed.The development trend and insight of reusable launch vehicles are gained.Features and difficulties related to research and development for reusable launch vehicles are analyzed.Requirements of operation and maintenance for reusable launch vehicles are discussed,including the establishment of operation and maintenance center,the ability of rapid launch,and the detection and evaluation of reusability,to support future reusable launch vehicles development.

关 键 词：重复使用 航天运输 运行维护 快速发射 

分 类 号：V57[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]