基于地下水最小开采量的典型干旱地区农业配水方案研究——以吐鲁番市二塘沟流域为例  

Research on the Agricultural Water Distribution Scheme in Typical Arid Areas Based on the Minimum Exploitation of Groundwater——Taking Ertanggou Basin in Turpan City as an Example

作　　者：屈吉鸿[1,2] 严天岗 李道西 郭威[1,2] 李彦彬 QU Jihong;YAN Tiangang;LI Daoxi;GUO Wei;LI Yanbin(North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power,Zhengzhou 450046,China;Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient Utilization of Water Resources,Zhengzhou 450046,China)

机构地区：[1]华北水利水电大学,河南郑州450046 [2]黄河流域水资源高效利用省部共建协同创新中心,河南郑州450046

出　　处：《华北水利水电大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第3期43-50,共8页Journal of North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：河南省重点研发与推广专项(202102310012);河南省重大科技专项(201300311400);河南省教育厅科学技术研究重点项目(14A170006)。

摘　　要：吐鲁番市二塘沟流域气候极端干旱,生态环境脆弱,制定合理的农业配水方案,减少地下水开采,对保护绿洲生态系统具有重要意义。以优先保证责任田用水、尊重用水实际和用水历史、优先利用地表水、保护地下水资源为配置原则,建立了以农田灌溉地下水开采量最小为目标函数,以水库水量平衡、需水量、渠道输水能力、最小灌水量等为约束的二塘沟流域农业用水优化配置模型,利用Lingo软件求解了模型,提出了2015—2030年二塘沟流域不同水文年农业用水配置方案。结果显示,通过水资源优化配置,保证了各用水协会责任田最小灌溉水量需求,且灌溉条件好、用水效率高的用水协会缺水量小、缺水时间短,实现了最大限度利用地表水、减少地下水开采量的目的。该配置方案为合理开发地下水资源、保护绿洲生态系统提供了支撑。The climate of Ertanggou basin in Turpan City is extremely arid and the ecological environment is fragile. It is of great significance to protect the oasis ecosystem by formulating a reasonable agricultural water distribution scheme and reducing groundwater exploitation. This study is based on the allocation principles of giving priority to ensuring water use in responsible fields, respecting the actual water use and water use history, prioritizing the use of surface water, and protecting groundwater resources. The objective function is established with the minimum amount of groundwater extraction for farmland irrigation. The optimal allocation model of agricultural water use in Ertanggou basin is constrained by reservoir water balance, water demand, channel water delivery capacity, and minimum irrigation volume. The model was solved by Lingo software, and the agricultural water allocation plan for different hydrological years in Ertanggou basin from 2015 to 2030 was proposed. The results are as follows. Through the optimal allocation of water resources, the minimum irrigation water demand of each water responsible field is guaranteed. At the same time, it also ensures that the water associations with good irrigation conditions and high water use efficiency have a small water shortage and a short water shortage time. At the same time, it also ensures that the water associations with good irrigation conditions and high water use efficiency have a small water shortage and a short water shortage time. The purpose of maximizing the use of surface water and reducing the amount of groundwater extraction is achieved. The configuration plan provides support for the rational development of groundwater resources and the protection of the oasis ecosystem.

关 键 词：农业用水 地下水保护 水资源优化配置 吐鲁番市 

分 类 号：TV21[水利工程—水文学及水资源]