我国三省典型稀土矿区与非矿区成年居民饮水稀土暴露风险评估  

Exposure assessment of rare earth elements in drinking water for mining and non-mining adult residents in China

作　　者：马凯杰 楼敏涵 宁钧宇[2,3] 王茵 隋海霞 雍凌 宋雁 MA Kai-jie;LOU Min-han;NING Jun-yu;WANG Yin;SUI Hai-xia;YONG Ling;SONG Yan;无(China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment,Beijing 100022,China;Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning,Beijing 100013,China;Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China;A.Hangzhou Medical College,Hangzhou Zhejiang,310019,China)

机构地区：[1]国家食品安全风险评估中心,北京100022 [2]北京市疾病预防控制中心食物中毒诊断溯源技术北京市重点实验室,北京100013 [3]首都医科大学,北京100069 [4]杭州医学院,浙江杭州310019

出　　处：《毒理学杂志》2022年第2期119-123,129,共6页Journal of Toxicology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFC1603103);国家自然科学基金(82073559)。

摘　　要：目的 评价我国广东、山东和江西三省典型稀土矿区和非矿区成年居民饮水中稀土元素(REEs)的暴露水平及潜在的健康风险。方法 利用双份饭法采集三省稀土矿区和非矿区地区居民饮水样品,并检测其镧、铈、镨、钕、钐、铕、钆、铽、镝、钬、铒、铥、镱、镥、钪和钇16种REEs含量,结合居民日常生活饮水消费量调查数据,采用简单分布评估的方法,对三省稀土矿区与非矿区成年居民饮水中REEs暴露风险进行评估。结果 矿区居民饮水中所有REEs的暴露量均高于非矿区,并且除钪、铕、钬、铽、铥外,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。广东、山东和江西稀土矿区居民饮水中REEs平均暴露量分别为0.283 5、0.048 5和0.015 5μg/kg·bw,是本省非矿区居民的67.50、1.40和3.95倍。各地区饮水REEs暴露水平均未超过健康指导值,暴露水平最高的为广东矿区居民,但总REEs平均暴露量仅占健康指导值的0.55%。男、女居民在饮水中REEs暴露风险方面差异无统计学意义。结论 我国广东、山东、江西三省典型稀土矿区成年居民饮水中REEs暴露水平普遍高于非矿区,但仍低于健康指导值,风险较低。Objective To evaluate the exposure levels and potential health risks of rare earth elements(REEs) in drinking water of adult residents in typical rare earth mining areas and non-mining areas in Guangdong, Shandong and Jiangxi provinces of China. Methods Drinking water samples of residents in rare earth mining areas and non-mining areas in the three provinces were collected by the duplicate portions survey. The contents of lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium, lutetium, scandium and yttrium were detected. Combined with the survey data of daily drinking water consumption of adult residents, the simple distribution assessment method was used to assess REEs exposure risk in drinking water of people in rare earth mining and non-mining areas. Results REEs exposure of residents in mining areas through drinking water was higher than that in non-mining areas(P<0.05), except scandium, europium, holmium, terbium and thulium. The average exposure of REEs in drinking water of residents in Guangdong, Shandong and Jiangxi rare earth mining areas was 0.283 5, 0.048 5 and 0.015 5 μg/kg·bw, respectively, which were 67.50, 1.40 and 3.95 times of non-mining residents. The exposure level of drinking REEs in all regions did not exceed the temporary acceptable daily intake(tADI). The highest average REEs exposure level was found in Guangdong mining area residents, yet it was only 0.55% of the tADI. There was no significant difference between male and female residents in REEs exposure in drinking water. Conclusion The intake level of REEs in drinking water of adult residents in typical rare earth mining areas and non-mining areas in Guangdong, Shandong and Jiangxi was low. The health risk of REEs to residents through drinking water in mining areas is small in general.

关 键 词：饮水 矿区 稀土元素 双份饭调查 简单分布评估 暴露评估 风险评估 

分 类 号：R114[医药卫生—卫生毒理学] R99[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]