2021年延安市气候影响评价  

Climate Impact Assessment of Yan’an City in 2021

作　　者：杨爱琴 刘志超 YANG Aiqin(Yan’an Meteorological Bureau,Shaanxi,Yan’an 716000)

机构地区：[1]延安市气象局,陕西延安716000

出　　处：《农业灾害研究》2022年第4期91-94,共4页Journal of Agricultural Catastrophology

摘　　要：利用2021年延安市国家气象观测站常规观测资料和2020年及历年(1981—2010年)数据对2021年气候影响进行分析。结果表明,2021年延安市平均气温正常略偏高、降水偏多、光照偏少。全市年(2020年12月—2021年11月)平均气温10.3℃,较历年同期偏高0.6℃;全市年平均降水量757.1 mm,较历年同期偏多253 mm;全市年平均日照时数为2 155 h,较历史同期偏少。全年遭遇了6次寒潮天气过程,1次暴雪天气过程,3次沙尘天气过程,其中1次为近10年来最强的沙尘暴天气,还出现了高温、干旱、冰雹等灾害性天气过程。尤其6—8月中旬的干旱过程,使大部分县区达到中至重度旱情,局地特旱对秋粮作物和果实膨大期的经济林果有不利影响。9—10月延安市共出现了7次降雨天气过程,累计降水量达到207.4~561.2 mm,较历年同期偏多126.3%~366.8%,造成当地多处山体滑坡、塌方、道路冲毁、交通受阻。Based on the conventional observation data of Yan’an National Meteorological Observatory in 2021 and the data of 2020 and calendar years(1981-2010),the climate impact in 2021 was analyzed.The results show that in 2021, the average temperature in Yan’an was slightly higher than normal, with more precipitation and less light. The annual average temperature of the whole city(from December 2020 to November 2021) was 10.3℃, which was 0.6℃ higher than that in the same period of previous years;The average annual precipitation of the whole city was 757.1 mm, 253 mm more than that in the same period of previous years;The annual average sunshine hours in the city were 2 155 h, which was less than that in the same period in history. There were six cold wave weather processes, one Blizzard weather process and three dust weather processes in the whole year, including one of the strongest dust storm weather in recent ten years, as well as disastrous weather processes such as high temperature, drought and hail. In particular,the drought process from June to mid August makes most counties reach moderate to severe drought, which has an adverse impact on autumn grain crops and economic forest fruits in fruit expansion period. From September to October, there were seven rainfall weather processes in Yan’an City, with a cumulative precipitation of 207.4~561.2 mm, 126.3%-366.8% more than the same period in previous years, resulting in many local landslides, landslides, road washouts and traffic congestion.

关 键 词：气候事件 影响评价 延安市 

分 类 号：P463.3[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]