驻马店市2021年“11·7”寒潮天气过程分析  

Study on Weather Process of "11.7" Cold Wave in 2021 over Zhumadian City

作　　者：艾润冰 AI Runbing(China Meteorological Administration,Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Meteorological Sup-port and Application Technology,Zhengzhou 450003,China;Zhumadian Meteorological Bureau,Zhumadian 463000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国气象局河南省农业气象保障与应用技术重点开放实验室,河南郑州450003 [2]河南省驻马店市气象局,河南驻马店463000

出　　处：《河南科技》2022年第11期111-115,共5页Henan Science and Technology

摘　　要：本文利用常规探空和地面自动站观测资料对2021年11月6日夜间至7日白天驻马店市发生的一次强降温大风雨雪天气过程进行了分析,初步总结了雨雪相态和大风的本地化预报指标。结果表明:(1)此次寒潮过程属于横槽转竖型,与500 hPa南支槽、高空急流、锋面的存在与发展密切相关;(2)前期较高的气温、高空强冷平流和动量下传以及地面较大的气压梯度与变压梯度是造成驻马店市剧烈降温和大风的主要原因;高空水汽含量不足和700 hPa切变线偏南则造成了降水偏弱;(3)3 h变压达到2~4 hPa可作为驻马店市大风预报参考指标;(4)降雪发生前850~925 hPa存在逆温层,降雪过程中0℃层高度逐渐下降至925 hPa;地面气温Ta<2℃时为纯雪;2℃≤Ta≤4℃时,降水相态变为雨夹雪。Based on the conventional sounding and ground automatic station observation data, the weather process of a strong cooling, fierce wind, rain and weak snow that occurred in Zhumadian City from the night of November 6 to the day of November 7, 2021 was analyzed, and the localized forecast indicators of rain and snow phase as well as strong wind were preliminarily summarized. The results show that:(1)the cold wave process belongs to the horizontal trough to vertical type,which is closely related to the existence and development of the 500 hPa southern branch trough,high-altitude jet,and front;(2)High temperature in the early stage, strong cold advection at high altitude and momentum downward transmission, as well as large air pressure gradient and transformation pressure gradient on the ground are the main reasons for severe cooling and strong wind in the city;insufficient water vapor content in the upper air and the southward 700 hPa shear line lead to the weak precipitation;(3) when the 3-h transformation pressure in the city reaches 2 ~ 4 hPa can be used as the reference index for gale prediction;(4) there was an inversion layer at 850 ~ 925 hPa before snowfall, and the height of the 0 ℃ layer gradually dropped to925 hPa when it snows;when the ground temperature drops below 2 ℃, it is pure snow;Ground temperature lies between 2 and 4 ℃, the precipitation phase is sleet.

关 键 词：大风 降水相态 预报指标 驻马店市 

分 类 号：P458.122[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]