“钗黛合一”与“兼美”是两种截然相反的原型--“红学”一大公案的一种探索性解释  

Two Completely Different Opposite Prototypes with“The Unity of Xue Baochai and Lin Daiyu”and“The Both Beauty”:An Exploratory Interpretation of the“Redology”Case

作　　者：杨朴[1] 杨旸 YANG Pu;YANG Yang(Retirement Office of Jilin Normal University,Siping,Jilin 136000,China;Department of Foundation,University of Aerospace Engineering,PLA Strategic Support Force,Beijing 101416,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林师范大学文学院,吉林四平136000 [2]中国人民解放军战略支援部队航天工程大学基础部,北京101416

出　　处：《吉林师范大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2022年第3期82-91,共10页Journal Of Jilin Normal University:Humanities & Social Science Edition

摘　　要：过去研究的观点认为:金陵十二钗正册头一页薛宝钗与林黛玉的合图与合诗表现的是“钗黛合一”,也就是“兼美”;“兼美”就是钗黛的合二而一。从神话原型的角度看,这种观点没有真正理解到“兼美”和“钗黛合一”的真正意义。贾宝玉的太虚幻境梦是神话式的梦,其中的“兼美”与“钗黛合一”表现的是两种不同的形象:“兼美”是完美、理想的女性原型,她是由女娲神话原型置换变形而来的形象;而所谓的“钗黛合一”正是女性悲剧命运原型的具体模式。“钗黛合一”是贾宝玉梦中的原型形象,生活中的钗黛悲剧命运重复了贾宝玉梦中钗黛命运原型。曹雪芹创造一个“兼美”原型,意在提供一个神话坐标,以观照现实女性的分裂与异化。“钗黛合一”合图与合诗是现实女性对“兼美”原型分裂和异化的典型象征。According to the past research,the picture and poem of Xue Baochai and Lin Daiyu on the first page of the book of twelve hairpins in Jinling shows“the unity of Xue Baochai and Lin Daiyu”.That is“the both beauty”.“The both beauty”is the unity of Xue Baochai and Lin Daiyu.From the perspective of mythological prototype,this view does not really understand the real significance of“the both beauty”and“the unity of Xue Baochai and Lin Daiyu”.Jia Baoyu’s illusory dream is a mythical dream,in which“the both beauty”and“the unity of Xue Baochai and Lin Daiyu”show two different images.“The both beauty”is a perfect and ideal female prototype.She is an image replaced and deformed by Nuwa’s mythical prototype.The so-called“the unity of Xue Baochai and Lin Daiyu”is the specific model of the prototype of women’s tragic fate.“The unity of Xue Baochai and Lin Daiyu”is the archetypal image in Jia Baoyu’s dream.The tragic fate of Xue Baochai and Lin Daiyu in life repeats the archetypal fate of Xue Baochai and Lin Daiyu in Jia Baoyu’s dream.Cao Xueqin created a prototype of“the both beauty”in order to provide a mythological coordinate to observe the division and alienation of real women.The combination of pictures and poems of“the unity of Xue Baochai and Lin Daiyu”is a typical symbol of the division and alienation of the prototype of“the both beauty”by real women.

关 键 词：“兼美” 神话原型 “钗黛合一” 现实人物 对比形象 

分 类 号：I207.4[文学—中国文学]