基于LCA的沼肥及增值化产品施用环境影响评价  

Environmental Impact Assessment of Biogas Fertilizer and Value-added Products Based on LCA

作　　者：陈梦迪 吴凤[3] 魏元林 李志朋 金柯达 万小春 艾平[2] CHEN Mengdi;WU Feng;WEI Yuanlin;LI Zhipeng;JIN Keda;WAN Xiaochun;AI Ping(Zhejiang Jec New Energy Co Ltd,Jiaxing 314000,China;College of Engineering,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China;Hubei Provincial Rural Energy Office,Wuhan 430070,China;Rural Energy and Environment Agency,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100125,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江嘉科新能源科技有限公司,浙江嘉兴314000 [2]华中农业大学工学院,武汉430070 [3]湖北省农村能源办公室,湖北武汉430070 [4]农业农村部农业生态与资源保护总站,北京100125

出　　处：《中国沼气》2022年第3期29-37,共9页China Biogas

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51406064);中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金资助项目(2662019PY064)。

摘　　要：研究采用生命周期评价(Life Cycle Assessment,LCA)结合作物产量全面评估沼液衍生加工获得的沼基硫铵液肥、粉末等增值化沼肥和传统沼肥、化肥在茄子种植中的环境影响。评价结果表明,等氮条件下(340 kg N·hm^(-2)),增值化产品沼基硫铵液肥和沼基硫铵粉末的总环境影响值与沼肥比分别低41.0%和46.3%。总体上不同氮水平下的沼肥环境影响值随施氮量成比例增加,但沼肥施氮量为85 kg·hm^(-2)的茄子产量高于170和340 kg·hm^(-2)。沼基硫铵液肥的茄子产量为63.42 t·hm^(-2),较等氮沼肥高27.9%;沼肥经增值化处理后再施用显著减少NH3和重金属排放,有效提高茄子产量。Life cycle evaluation and crop yield were used to comprehensively evaluate the environmental impact of value-added biogas fertilizer,such as biogas-ammonium sulfur liquid fertilizer and powder,traditional biogas fertilizer,and chemical fertilizer in eggplant cultivation.Environment evaluation results showed that,compared with BF(biogas fertilizer)under equal nitrogen conditions of 340 kg N·hm^(-2),the total environmental impact values of BS-ASL(biogas-ammonium sulphur liquid fertilizer)and BS-ASC(biogas-ammonium sulphur powder)were 41.0%and 46.3%,respectively.Although environmental impact value of BF increases in proportion to the amount of nitrogen applied,the yield of eggplant with biogas fertilizer nitrogen of 85 kg·hm^(-2)were higher than yield of 170 and 340 kg·hm^(-2).The eggplant output of the BS-ASL was 63.42 t·hm^(-2)which was 27.9%higher than that of the equal nitrogen BF.BF after value-added treatment was used for planting,in order to significantly reduce NH_(3) and heavy metal emissions and effectively increase yield.Although BS-ASL increased production costs to a certain extent,it obtained the higher eggplant output with less possible environmental impact.

关 键 词：生命周期评价(LCA) 沼肥 增值化 养分回收 环境影响 

分 类 号：S216.4[农业科学—农业机械化工程] X712[农业科学—农业工程]