稻曲病菌生物学特性研究  

Study on Biological Characteristics of Ustilaginoidea virens

作　　者：黄蓉[1] 胡建坤[1] 李保同[2] 刘永锋[3] 潘夏艳 曹慧娟 黄瑞荣[1] HUANG Rong;HU Jian-kun;LI Bao-tong;LIU Yong-feng;PAN Xia-yan;CAO Hui-juan;HUANG Rui-rong(Institute of Plant Protection,Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanchang 330200,China;College of Land Resources and Environment,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China;Institute of Plant Protection,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanjing 210014,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省农业科学院植物保护研究所,江西南昌330200 [2]江西农业大学国土资源与环境学院,江西南昌330045 [3]江苏省农业科学院植物保护研究所,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《江西农业学报》2022年第4期75-79,87,共6页Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi

基　　金：江西省主要学科学术和技术带头人培养计划项目(20204BCJ23015);江西现代农业科研协同创新专项(JXXTCXQN202109);江西省科技支撑计划项目(20111BBF60047);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0301604);国家自然科学基金项目(31171802)。

摘　　要：研究了稻曲病菌厚垣孢子在水中的萌发、菌丝在不同培养基中的生长与产孢、菌核形成条件及厚垣孢子的致病性。结果发现,少数黄色与黑色稻曲球上的厚垣孢子在田间存在萌发现象;黄色球厚垣孢子在清水中2 h即有孢子萌发产生分生孢子,4 h可见部分分生孢子产生次生分生孢子,12 h分生孢子中60%以上产生次生分生孢子。黑色稻曲球上的厚垣孢子萌发与黄色球上的厚垣孢子类似,但萌发起始时间较后者一般晚2 h以上,萌发率和萌发速率也稍低。稻曲病菌培养以PSA培养基生长最好。病菌培养25 d可产生厚垣孢子。江西稻区稻曲球上可产生菌核,但一般年份不常见。结果表明,田间采集的厚垣孢子是诱发稻曲病的有效接种体,推测其应是田间诱发稻曲病的重要初侵染来源和再侵染要素。The germination of chlamydospore in water,the growth and sporulation of mycelia in different media,the formation conditions of sclerotia and the pathogenicity of Ustilaginoidea virens were studied in this paper.It was found that chlamydospores on few yellow and black false smut balls could germinate in the field.The conidia of chlamydospores germinated in water for 2 h.Some conidia produced secondary conidia at 4 h,and more than 60%conidia germinated secondary conidia at 12 h.The germination of chlamydospores on black false smut balls was similar to those on yellow false smut balls,but the germination initiation time was more than 2 h later than that on yellow false smut balls.The germination rate and germination rate were also slightly lower than those on yellow false smut balls.PSA medium was the best culture medium for Ustilaginoidea virens growth.Chlamydiospore could be produced after incubation for 25 d.Sclerotia can occur on false smut balls in Jiangxi Province,but it is not common in general years.Chlamydospores collected in the field were effective inoculants to induce false smut,and it was speculated that it was an important source and re-infection factor of rice false smut induced in the field.

关 键 词：稻曲病 稻曲病菌 厚垣孢子 菌核 生物学特性 

分 类 号：S432.1[农业科学—植物病理学]