乡土物种对退化荒漠草原的改良效果研究  

The Study on the Improvement Effect of Native Species on Degraded Desert Steppe

作　　者：李永康 许冬梅[1,2] 撒春宁 王星 宋珂辰 LI Yong-kang;XU Dong-mei;SA Chun-ning;WANG Xing;SONG Ke-chen(College of Agriculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;Ningxia Grassland and Animal Husbandry Engineering Technology Research Center,Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学农学院,宁夏银川750021 [2]宁夏草牧业工程技术研究中心,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2022年第6期36-45,共10页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：国家重点研发计划重点专项(2016YFC0500505);宁夏高等学校一流学科建设(草学学科)项目(NXYLXK2017A01)资助。

摘　　要：为了解补播乡土物种对退化荒漠草原的改良效果,以盐池县荒漠草原为研究对象,经隔带深翻耕(25cm)处理后,分别补播蒙古冰草(Agropyron mongolicum)+牛枝子(Lespedeza potaninii)(MN)和蒙古冰草+草木樨状黄芪(Astragalus melilotoides)(MC),并以未补播草地为对照(CK),研究不同处理措施下荒漠草原植物群落结构及土壤理化性状的变化。结果表明:(1)补播乡土物种显著提高了退化荒漠草原的植被盖度、草群密度、高度和地上生物量,但物种多样性有所下降。(2)补播显著降低了荒漠草原0~10cm和10~20cm土层的土壤容重(P<0.05),其中MC处理较对照分别降低了11.70%和9.70%;土壤总孔隙度和田间持水量较对照均有所增加。(3)补播草地土壤有机碳含量较对照显著提高,0~10cm和10~20cm土层以MN处理最高,分别为15.25g/kg和12.43g/kg;0~10cm土层全氮和全磷含量较对照均显著增加(P<0.05),但10~30cm土层上述指标较对照差异不显著。(4)不同处理荒漠草原土壤有机碳和全氮储量均以MN处理最高,分别为6.25mg/hm^(2)和0.23mg/hm^(2),其中MN、MC处理土壤有机碳储量较对照差异显著(P<0.05)。综上,两种补播模式均有效改善了荒漠草原植物群落结构和土壤理化性状,表明补播乡土物种对退化荒漠草原有较好的改良效果。After deep tillage(25cm),different reseeding combinations were applied to explore the improvement effects of reseeding native species on the degraded desert steppe in Yanchi county,including Agropyron mongolicum combined with Lespedeza potaninii(MN),A.mongolicum combined with Astragalus melilotoides(MC),and the non-reseeding grassland as control(CK).The present study also researched changes in plant community structure and soil physicochemical properties.The results showed that the reseeding of native species significantly increased the vegetation coverage,density,height,and aboveground biomass of the degraded desert steppe but decreased the plant species diversity.The reseeding treatments significantly reduced the soil bulk density in 0~10cm and 10~20cm soil layers in the desert steppe(P<0.05),especially the MC treatment,which was decreased by 11.70%and 9.70%,respectively,compared with CK.However,the total soil porosity and field capacity were increased in the reseeding treatments compared with CK.Meanwhile,the soil organic carbon content of the reseeding treatments was significantly higher than that of CK,with the MN treatment being the highest in both 0~10cm and 10~20cm soil layers,which were 15.25g/kg and 12.43g/kg.The reseeding treatments also significantly increased the soil contents of soil total nitrogen and phosphorus in the 0~10cm soil layer compared with CK(P<0.05).Furthermore,the storages of soil organic carbon and total nitrogen were the highest in the MN treatment(6.25mg/hm^(2) and 0.23mg/hm^(2),respectively).The MN and MC treatments also significantly affected the soil organic carbon storage(P<0.05).In conclusion,the two reseeding combinations effectively improved the plant community structure and soil physicochemical properties,indicating that reseeding native species improved the degraded desert steppe.

关 键 词：退化荒漠草原 乡土物种 补播改良 植物群落 土壤性状 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]