蚕豆间作对羌活次生代谢产物及根际土壤微生物多样性的影响  

Effect of intercropping with Vicia faba on secondary metabolites and rhizosphere soil microbial diversity of Notopterygium incisum

作　　者：王琪 王红兰[2] 孙辉[3] 崔俊芳 杨萍 朱文涛[2] 蒋舜媛 WANG Qi;WANG Hong-lan;SUN Hui;CUI Jun-fang;YANG Ping;ZHU Wen-tao;JIANG Shun-yuan(College of Pharmacy,Southwest Medical University,Luzhou 646000,China;Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences,Chengdu 610041,China;Department of Environmental Science and Engineering,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,China;Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]西南医科大学药学院,四川泸州646000 [2]四川省中医药科学院,四川成都610041 [3]四川大学环境科学与工程系,四川成都610041 [4]中国科学院成都山地灾害与环境研究所,四川成都610041

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2022年第10期2597-2604,共8页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC1700705);四川省省级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项(A-2021N-12);四川省科技厅重点研发项目(2019YFS0025)。

摘　　要：根际土壤微生物群落及其多样性对中药材农业生态系统正常结构和功能具有至关重要的影响。该文基于高通量测序技术,分析了间作蚕豆(QH)和单作(CK)处理下羌活根际土壤微生物多样性及药材产量、质量,以期为优化羌活种植模式和实现生态生产提供理论依据。结果表明,羌活根际土壤细菌群落主要为变形菌门和拟杆菌门,分别占50.38%~51.95%和16.36%~17.02%,蚕豆间作对细菌门水平的影响不显著。在属水平上,间作处理中根际促生菌属MND1(3.54%)、鞘氨醇单胞菌属(3.50%)、硝化螺菌属(1.53%)和根瘤杆菌属(1.05%)的相对丰度显著高于CK处理,而芽单胞菌属、Candidatus_Solibacter和Bryobacter相对丰度则降低。与CK处理相比,蚕豆间作处理羌活株高、叶长、叶宽和叶柄长均显著增加,地下部分生物量增加71.43%,表明蚕豆间作有助于促进羌活地上部分生长,并有效提高羌活产量。与此同时,蚕豆间作亦可增加羌活次生代谢产物的积累,羌活醇和异欧前胡素分别增加37.96%、4.09%。相关分析表明,土壤理化性质对羌活根际土壤细菌群落结构的影响顺序为全钾>全氮>pH>有机质>速效钾>含水量>速效氮>速效磷,表明土壤钾素含量及有效性是调控羌活根际土壤细菌群落结构的主因子。综上所述,蚕豆间作有效改善土壤微环境,提高羌活药材产量和质量,可作为今后发展的一种羌活生态种植新模式。Rhizosphere soil microbial community and its diversity are important for the structure and functions of medicinal plant ecosystem.In this study,based on high-throughput sequencing,rhizosphere soil microbial diversity,and yield and quality of rhizome and root of Notopterygium incisum cultivated alone(control,CK)and intercropped with Vicia faba(QH)were analyzed,which is expected to lay a basis for optimization of the cultivation mode and ecological production of N.incisum.Results showed that the rhizosphere soil bacteria of N.incisum were dominated by Proteobacteria and Bacteroides,with the relative abundance of 50.38%-51.95%and 16.36%-17.02%,respectively.Soil bacterial community at the phylum level was not significantly different between CK and QH.At the genus level,the relative abundance of MND1(3.54%),Spinstomonas(3.50%),Nitrospira(1.53%),and Rhizobacter(1.05%)was significantly higher and that of Gemmatimonas,Candidatus_Solibacter,and Bryophytes was lower in QH treatment than in the CK.The plant height,leaf length,leaf width,and petiole length of N.incisum in QH treatment was significantly increased and the underground biomass rose by 71.43%compared with those in the CK.Thus,intercropping with V.faba promoted the aboveground growth of N.incisum and improved the yield of root and rhizome.Moreover,the content of notopterol and isoimperatorin increased by 37.96%and 4.09%in QH treatment,respectively,indicating that the intercropping with V.faba boosted the accumulation of secondary metabolites in N.incisum.Pearson′s correlation analysis showed that the soil bacterial community was mainly influenced by the soil factors including the content of soil available nutrients,soil organic matter,pH value,and soil water.The influence was in the order:total potassium>total nitrogen>pH>organic matter>available potassium>soil water content>available nitrogen>available phosphorus.In conclusion,the intercropping with V.faba altered soil microenvironment and also increased the yield and accumulation of secondary metabolites of N.

关 键 词：羌活 间作蚕豆 根际土壤 高通量测序 次生代谢产物 

分 类 号：S643.6[农业科学—蔬菜学] S567.239[农业科学—园艺学] S154.3