藏族药物炮制原理解析  

Analysis of the principles of Tibetan medicine processing

作　　者：李啟恩 袁发荣 完地高 黄先菊[3] 东知多杰 郭肖 多杰 李先加 尼玛次仁 LI Qi-en;YUAN Fa-rong;WAN Di-gao;HUANG Xian-ju;DONGZHI Duo-jie;GUO Xiao;DUO Jie;LI Xian-jia;NIMA Ci-ren(State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research and Development,Tibetan Medicine Research Center,Tibetan Medical College,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;Arura Tibetan Medicine Co.,Ltd.,Xining 810016,China;School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,South-Central Minzu University,Wuhan 430074,China;State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research and Development,Qinghai Institute of Tibetan Medicine,Xining 810016,China;Tibetan Traditional Medical University of Tibet,Lhasa 850000,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学藏医学院藏医药研究中心藏药新药开发国家重点实验室,青海西宁810016 [2]金诃藏药股份有限公司,青海西宁810016 [3]中南民族大学药学院,湖北武汉430074 [4]青海省藏医药研究院藏药新药开发国家重点实验室,青海西宁810016 [5]西藏藏医药大学,西藏拉萨850000

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2022年第10期2825-2832,共8页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：西宁市重大科技专项(2019-Z-09);国家中医药领军人才支持计划“青年岐黄学者”项目;青海大学研究生课程建设项目(qdyk-200204)。

摘　　要：藏族药物(以下简称藏药)炮制是确保藏族医学(以下简称藏医)临床用药安全的关键环节,研究并解析藏药炮制原理在藏医药学学科发展和传承创新方面具有重要意义。由于现代藏医药研究及学科分化起步较晚,目前对藏药炮制的研究多处于传统工艺挖掘整理,以及基于化学和药理的炮制机制探析,而对其本质原理和传统理论的研究鲜见。鉴于此,该文通过藏医学、藏药学和藏医临床学融合研究,解析了藏药炮制的概念、本质、理论、目的及作用,提出藏药炮制的本质是通过物理、化学和生物学手段或以上综合手段改变药材固有的“五源”组成,原理是通过改变药物的“五源”组成来改变或转化其正反作用和显隐作用,使正作用最大化、反作用最小化和对机体的损害程度最低化,最终实现以锐、柔、养、配为代表的减毒增效和调和药性的目的。以期该研究能为藏药炮制理论体系建设,炮制技艺传承和创新发展方面发挥抛砖引玉作用。Tibetan medicine processing ensures the safety of clinical application of Tibetan medicine.It is of great significance to analyze the principles of Tibetan medicine processing in the development,inheritance,and innovation of Tibetan medicine.However,due to the late start of modern Tibetan medicine research and the disciplinary division,the current research on Tibetan medicine processing focuses on the exploration and collation of traditional techniques and the analysis of the processing mechanism of Tibetan medicine through chemical and pharmacological research,but its principles and traditional theories have been rarely reported.In view of this,after analyzing the concept,essence,theories,purposes,and functions of Tibetan medicine processing through the integration of Tibetan medicine,Tibetan pharmacology,and clinical research of Tibetan medicine,this study proposed that the essence of Tibetan medicine processing was to change the"five sources"composition of medicinal materials through physical,chemical,and biological means,or the comprehensive means,and the theoretical principle of Tibetan medicine processing was to change or transform the positive and adverse effects or the obvious and recessive effects by altering the"five sources"composition of the drug to maximize the positive effect and minimize the adverse effect and the damage to the body,thereby achieving the purposes of toxicity reduction,efficacy enhancement,and drug property harmonization represented by sharpening,softening,nourishing,and reasonable compatibility.This study is expected to provide references for the construction of the theoretical system of Tibetan medicine processing,the inheritance of processing techniques,and innovative research.

关 键 词：藏药炮制 五源 六味 八性 正反作用 显隐作用 

分 类 号：R29[医药卫生—民族医学]