2019-2021年长春市儿童急性呼吸道感染病例中鼻病毒感染状况及其分子分型研究  

Infection status and molecular typing of rhinovirus in children acute respiratory tract infection cases in Changchun city from 2019 to 2021

作　　者：夏百成 马英伟[2] 孙利伟[2] 段晓健 刘莹 李汶霞 谢智博 宋晶晶 宋金华[1] 王慧玲[1] 许文波[1] 张燕[1] Xia Baicheng;Ma Yingwei;Sun Liwei;Duan Xiaojian;Liu Ying;Li Wenxia;Xie Zhibo;Song Jingjing;Song Jinhua;Wang Huiling;Xu Wenbo;Zhang Yan(Measles Department,National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102206,China;Children's Hospital of Changchun,Changchun 130061,jilin,China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心病毒病预防控制所麻疹室,北京102206 [2]长春市儿童医院,吉林长春130061

出　　处：《疾病监测》2022年第4期469-474,共6页Disease Surveillance

基　　金：国家卫健委重大公共卫生专项(No.ZDGW21-131031103000180005);国家科技重大专项(No.2018ZX10713002)。

摘　　要：目的为了解2019年6月至2021年5月吉林省长春市急性呼吸道感染住院儿童病例中鼻病毒感染状况并对鉴定出的鼻病毒进行分子分型研究。方法采用实时荧光聚合酶链式反应技术对采集的1251份咽拭子标本进行常见8种呼吸道病毒的检测。针对鉴定结果为阳性的鼻病毒标本,使用巢式反转录聚合酶链式反应扩增VP1区并进行序列测定和分析。结果61.87%(774/1251)的标本至少检出有1种呼吸道病毒,其中呼吸道合胞病毒和鼻病毒检出率较高,分别为19.18%(240/1251)和18.63%(233/1251)。男女性间鼻病毒检出率比较差异无统计学意义,检出年龄主要集中在1~3岁组,占所有鼻病毒感染病例的67.81%;呈现为以夏秋季为感染高峰的季节性流行,9—10月为鼻病毒的检出高峰。本研究从233份阳性鼻病毒标本中共获得161条鼻病毒VP1序列,通过分子分型鉴定属于55个型别,其中A种鼻病毒37个,B种鼻病毒4个,C种鼻病毒14个。RV-A12和RV-A49两个型别检出数目最多,均为12条。结论2019年6月至2021年5月长春市急性呼吸道感染病例咽拭子标本中鼻病毒检出阳性率位居第二,仅次于呼吸道合胞病毒。长春市儿童急性呼吸道感染相关的鼻病毒流行以A种鼻病毒为主,C种次之,B种最少;RV-A12和RV-A49是长春市2019—2021年流行的优势型别。Objective To investigate rhinovirus infection in hospitalized children with acute respiratory tract infection and the molecular typing of rhinovirus positive cases from June 2019 to May 2021 in Changchun city,China.Methods A total of8 respiratory viruses were tested by real-time PCR,including human respiratory syncytial viruses,rhinoviruses,influenza viruses,adenoviruses,parainfluenza viruses,enteroviruses,human metapneumoviruses,and boca viruses.For rhinoviruspositive cases,nested reverse transcription PCR was used to amplify VP1 region,and Sanger sequencing was used to attain targeted sequences from amplification products.Results 61.87%(774/1251)of 1251 throat swab samples were detected with at least one type of respiratory virus.The positive rates of respiratory syncytial virus and rhinovirus were 19.18%(240/1251)and 18.63%(233/1251),respectively,which were the top two among all the detected respiratory virus.There was no statistical difference between genders in the detection of rhinovirus.The age of detection was mainly concentrated in the 1 to 3 years old group,accounting for 67.81%of all rhinovirus infection cases.In terms of time distribution,rhinovirus showed a seasonal epidemic peak in summer and autumn,and the detection peak was from September to October.A total of 161 rhinovirus VP1sequences were obtained and then identified as 55 types,37 types of Rhinovirus A,4 types of Rhinovirus B as well as 14 types of Rhinovirus C,of which RV-A12 and RV-A49 were in the front rank with 12 sequences acquired.Conclusion From June 2019 to May 2021,the positive rate of rhinovirus was the second highest among all the detected respiratory virus in acute respiratory tract infection cases in Changchun city,which was lower than that of human respiratory syncytial virus.Rhinovirus A was the prevalent species of rhinovirus that associated with acute respiratory tract infection in children in Changchun city,followed by Rhinovirus C and Rhinovirus B.RV-A12 and RV-A49 were identified as the dominant types circulating in Changc

关 键 词：急性呼吸道感染 病毒病原谱 鼻病毒 分子分型 

分 类 号：R211[医药卫生—中医学] R373