碳纤维复合材料激光热-机械剥蚀机制研究  

Mechanism of Laser Thermo-Mechanical Ablation of Carbon Fiber Composites

作　　者：梁晗 赵树森[1,3] 姜璐 邹晨 许杰 张志研 林学春[1,2,3] Liang Han;Zhao Shusen;Jiang Lu;Zou Chen;Xu Jie;Zhang Zhiyan;Lin Xuechun(Laboratorij of All-Solid-State Light Sources,Institute of Semiconductors,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100083,China;College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology,University of Chinese Academif of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;A Engineering Technology,Research Center of All-Solid-State Lasers Advanced Manufacturing,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院半导体研究所全固态光源实验室,北京100083 [2]中国科学院大学材料科学与光电技术学院,北京100049 [3]北京市全固态激光先进制造工程技术研究中心,北京100083

出　　处：《中国激光》2022年第10期78-87,共10页Chinese Journal of Lasers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U2033211)。

摘　　要：针对航空复合材料挖补修复工艺对损伤区高效高质量去除的需求,研究了碳纤维复合材料纳秒脉冲激光剥蚀机理、工艺优化和缺陷控制方法,基于各向异性传热原理研究了激光扫描角度对材料去除率的影响规律,探索了激光扫描速度和填充间距对非匀质材料的热-机械剥蚀的影响机制。结果表明:碳纤维复合材料显著的各向异性传热使得去除深度随激光扫描角度的增大而减小,激光扫描角度为0°时去除深度为220μm,激光扫描角度为90°时去除深度为150μm;由于热-机械剥蚀的混合作用,两个方向上的光斑搭接率存在临界值,在该临界值处材料去除效率出现峰值。进行了18层的阶梯形去除,精度控制在±20μm。通过实验测试与数据分析,优化了碳纤维复合材料逐层精细剥蚀扫描策略与工艺方案,为碳纤维激光精细制造提供了参考。Objective Carbon fiber reinforced plastics(CFRP)are widely used in aerospace,sports,medical,transportation and other fields due to their advantages of high specific strength and high specific modulus.Taking Boeing 787 aircraft as an example,the mass fraction of composites in the aircraft structure has reached more than 50%.Composite structures of the aircraft are vulnerable to be damaged in harsh environments during long-term service,and composite structure repairing is an important part in aviation equipment maintenance.The committed step of composite structure repairing is the damaged zone removal at a small angle,usually 2°--6°,which is difficult for mechanical processing.At present,it mainly relies on manual grinding,which shows low efficiency and poor controllability.Laser beam machining(LBM)has the advantages of high precision,high efficiency,and high controllability.cutting,drilling,It is suitable for difficult-to-machine materials including CFRP,and has excellent performance in laser welding,cleaning,etching and other applications.The structural characteristics and thermalphysical properties of CFRP materials result in a more complex physical process for laser removal of CFRP than that for metal materials.The existing studies mainly focus on the thermal process of laser removal of CFRP and the surface state evolution mechanism,but little attention is paid to the thermal-mechanical couple ablation process based on the non-homogeneous characteristics of the CFRP.In this paper,a 1064 nm nanosecond pulsed laser is used for laser removal of CFRP,and the effects of process parameters on removal efficiency,quality as well as the process optimization methods are studied.Based on the anisotropic heat transfer mechanism,the effect of laser scanning on material removal rate(MRR)is investigated and the influence of laser spot overlapping rate on thermal-angle mechanical ablation of CFRP is also discussed.Methods Multidirectional and unidirectional carbon fiber composite laminates are milled by a 1064 nm nanosecond

关 键 词：激光技术 脉冲激光 碳纤维复合材料 挖补修复 热-机械剥蚀 逐层去除 

分 类 号：TN219[电子电信—物理电子学]