飞秒强激光大气遥感新技术的原理和研究进展  

Principle and Research Progress of Atmospheric Remote Sensing by Intense Femtosecond Lasers

作　　者：王铁军[1,2] 陈娜 郭豪[1,2] 刘尧香 冷雨欣 李儒新 Wang Tiejun;Chen Na;Guo Hao;Liu Yaoxiang;Leng Yuxin;Li Ruxin(State Key Laboratory of High Field Laser Physics and Chinese Academy of Sciences,Center for Excellence in Ultra-Intense Laser Science,Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 201800,China;Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所强场激光物理国家重点实验室及超强激光科学卓越中心,上海201800 [2]中国科学院大学材料与光电研究中心,北京100049

出　　处：《激光与光电子学进展》2022年第7期1-14,共14页Laser & Optoelectronics Progress

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委员会-中国工程物理研究院NSAF联合基金(U2130123);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(B类)(XDB160104);中国科学院国际合作重点项目(181231KYSB20200033);上海市科技计划项目(21511105000)。

摘　　要：飞秒强激光脉冲在大气中传输时,会形成狭长的、具有高激光强度、高等离子体密度、可远程产生和操控的通道,即光丝。光丝与物质相互作用时,高激光强度可激发物质辐射具有指纹特征的荧光谱线,成丝过程可产生覆盖整个大气光学传输窗口的超连续谱激光,通过光学差分吸收实现多组分大气成分的检测分析。飞秒强激光非线性成丝为多相态、多组分大气遥感提供了新的技术途径。主要围绕飞秒激光大气成丝远程诱导击穿光谱技术和光丝超连续谱激光雷达技术两种基于飞秒激光的大气遥感新技术,综述了两种技术的原理、光谱测量和分析方法及其相关研究进展,分析了飞秒强激光大气遥感应用存在的关键科学和技术问题并对未来发展进行了展望。The propagation of intense femtosecond laser pulses in atmospheric air can lead to a channel with high laser intensity,high plasma density,and capability for remote generation and control,namely filament.When the filaments interact with the materials,high laser intensity can excite the materials and induce the finger-print fluorescence of the materials.Supercontinuum can also be generated during filamentation which can cover the entire atmospheric optical transmission windows.The supercontinuum provides an idea source for sensing multiple atmospheric components through differential optical absorption spectroscopy.Intense femtosecond laser filamentation provides a new approach for atmospheric sensing of multiple phases and multiple components.In this paper,we focus on the new atmospheric sensing techniques based on intense femtosecond lasers,namely,remote femtosecond laser filament induced breakdown spectroscopy and filament induced supercontinuum Lidar.The working principles,the methods for spectral measurement and analysis as well as the recent research progress are briefly reviewed.Finally,the scientific and technique problems and future development of intense femtosecond laser remote atmospheric sensing are discussed.

关 键 词：大气光学 大气环境监测 飞秒激光成丝 光丝诱导击穿光谱 白光激光雷达 超连续谱 

分 类 号：O433[机械工程—光学工程]