线性菲涅耳集热器聚光误差分析及其补偿算法研究  

Analysis of Light Concentration Error and Compensation Algorithm of Linear Fresnel Collector

作　　者：张志勇 孔令刚[1] 范多进[1] 姚小明[1] Zhang Zhiyong;Kong Linggang;Fan Duojin;Yao Xiaoming(Engineering Research Center for Photothermal Energy Storage Integrated Energy System,Research Institute,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou,Gansu 730070;Key Laboratory of Opto-Technology and Intelligent Control Ministry of Education,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou,Gansu 730070)

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学研究院光热储能综合能源系统工程研究中心,甘肃兰州730070 [2]兰州交通大学光电技术与智能控制教育部重点实验室,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《激光与光电子学进展》2022年第7期130-137,共8页Laser & Optoelectronics Progress

基　　金：国家能源局项目(国新能源[2016]223);甘肃省科技重大专项(20ZD7GF011);校青年基金项目(2017037);科技合作项目(19ZD2GA003)。

摘　　要：线性菲涅耳式集热器聚光精度对光热效率有着非常重要的影响,同时,聚光集热器偏焦引起的局部热斑使吸热器不均衡膨胀会对集热器的结构造成严重破坏,对集热器聚光误差的分析至关重要。根据线性菲涅耳式集热系统线聚焦跟踪的特点,通过机理分析探讨影响线性菲涅耳式集热器聚光精度的主要因素,采用MATLAB软件对各因素进行仿真分析得出线性菲涅耳镜场南北布置偏差、一次反射镜反射中心动态位移偏差及反射光线光程动态变化是引起集热器聚光偏差的最主要因素。镜场布置的南北偏差引起的聚光偏差关于正午时刻呈正态分布,并随着纬度的变化而变化;一次反射镜反射中心动态位移偏差对聚光精度的影响在早晨和傍晚时较大且早晨与下午非对称,最大误差接近0.08°;反射光线光程变化对聚光误差的影响主要体现在全年时间轴上。通过仿真分析结合现场测试,采用线性补偿算法对集热器一次反射镜目标跟踪角度进行补偿,补偿后集热系统的最大聚光误差小于0.06°。The focusing precision of the linear Fresnel collector has an important effect on the photothermal efficiency.Moreover,the partial hot spot caused by the partial focus of the concentrator causes an unbalanced expansion of the absorber,which causes severe damage to the collector’s structure.Therefore,it is crucial to analyze the concentrating error of the collector.According to the characteristics of the linear Fresnel heat collecting system,the main factors affecting the light-gathering precision of the Fresnel collector are discussed through mechanism analysis.All the factors are analyzed and simulated by MATLAB software,and it is concluded that the main factors that cause the concentration deviation of the collector are the north-south arrangement deviation of the linear Fresnel mirror field,dynamic displacement deviation of the reflection center of the primary mirror,and dynamic variation of the light path of the reflected light.The concentrated light deviation caused by the north-south deviation of the mirror field layout is normally distributed at noon and varies with the latitude.Meanwhile,the effect of the dynamic displacement deviation of the reflection center of the primary mirror on the focusing precision is greater in the morning and evening,and it is asymmetric in the morning and afternoon with the maximum error approaching 0.08°.The influence of light path variation of the reflected light on the concentrating error is mainly reflected in the annual time axis.Through simulation analysis and field testing,the linear compensation algorithm was used to compensate the target tracking angle of the collector’s primary mirror.After the compensation,the maximum concentration error of the heat collecting system was less than 0.06°.

关 键 词：几何光学 线性菲涅耳 聚光误差 补偿算法 追日控制 太阳能 

分 类 号：TK-9[动力工程及工程热物理]