铝合金WAAM筒形构件变形演变的有限元计算  

Finite element analysis on the distortion evolution of wire arc additively manufactured aluminum alloy cylindrical components

作　　者：王强[1] 贾金龙 苏振 康举 赵玥[1,3] 吴爱萍[1,3,4] WANG Qiang;JIA Jinlong;SU Zhen;KANG Ju;ZHAO Yue;WU Aiping(Department of Mechanical Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Beijing Higher Institution Engineering Research Center of Energy Engineering Advanced Joining Technology,Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology,Beijing 102617,China;Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology,Ministry of Education,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;State Key Laboratory of Tribology,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学机械工程系,北京100084 [2]北京石油化工学院能源工程先进连接技术北京市高等学校工程研究中心,北京102617 [3]清华大学先进成形制造教育部重点实验室,北京100084 [4]清华大学摩擦学国家重点实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《焊接技术》2022年第4期1-6,I0001,共7页Welding Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51905031)。

摘　　要：构件变形控制是电弧增材制造技术面临的关键问题之一,采用有限元计算方法对铝合金电弧增材制造筒形构件的变形特点进行了研究,建立了基于移动热源法的热-弹-塑性顺序耦合模型,从变形过程和最终变形两方面分析了筒形构件变形演变规律。结果表明,铝合金筒形构件变形主要表现为基板的翘曲和筒体的径向变形,轴向和周向变形可忽略不计。筒体上每一点的变形过程与温度循环变化趋势相对应,可以分为热累积、热平衡及最终冷却3个阶段。圆筒的最终径向变形在高度方向上呈现非均匀分布特征,最大变形位于筒体中上部。有限元计算的变形分布规律与试验测量结果一致,最大变形量偏差为15%,所建立的有限元计算模型可以准确地预测筒形构件的变形特点。Controlling the distortion of the component is one of the crucial problems in wire arc additive manufacturing( WAAM) process. In this study,finite element method was applied to investigate the distortion characteristics of WAAM aluminum alloy cylindrical component. A heat-elastic-plastic sequential coupling model was established based on moving heat source method,and the distortion evolution and the final distortion were analyzed for the cylindrical component. The results indicated that the main distortion characteristic of aluminum alloy cylindrical component was the buckling of the substrate and the radial deformation of the cylinder,with the axial and circumferential negligible. The distortion process of a certain point on the cylinder was in good agreement with the variation of temperature cycle. The distortion process was divided into three stages: heat accumulation,heat equilibrium and final cooling. The final distortion presented an inhomogeneous feature in the vertical direction,with a biggest distortion on the middle-upper part of the cylindrical component. The distribution of the distortion calculated by finite element method was consistent with that of experimental test,with a maximum deviation of 15%. Thus,the finite element model used in this study could predict the distortion of cylindrical component accurately.

关 键 词：电弧增材制造 铝合金 变形 有限元 

分 类 号：TG444[金属学及工艺—焊接] TP391.9[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]