多孔钛的制备及应用  

Preparation and Application of Porous Titanium

作　　者：王建忠[1] 敖庆波[1] 荆鹏[1] 王建[1] Wang Jianzhong;Ao Qingbo;Jing Peng;Wang Jian(State Key Laboratory of Porous Metal Materials,Northwest Institute for Nonferrous Metal Research,Xi’an 710016,China)

机构地区：[1]西北有色金属研究院金属多孔材料国家重点实验室,陕西西安710016

出　　处：《稀有金属材料与工程》2022年第5期1907-1918,共12页Rare Metal Materials and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点国际(地区)合作与交流项目(52020105011);陕西省重点研发计划项目(2020KW-037)。

摘　　要：钛及其合金因密度低、强度高、耐蚀性好、生物相容性好等特点被广泛应用于航空航天、海洋工程、石油化工、生物医疗、电子工程等领域,它是继钢铁、铝材之后非常重要的战略金属材料,被誉为“第三金属”、“太空金属”、“海洋金属”。多孔钛是一类兼具多孔材料和金属钛双重属性的结构功能一体化材料,也是现代高技术领域不可或缺的关键支撑材料。本文重点介绍了多孔钛的制备方法,包括粉末冶金法(无压成形法、压制成形法、空间占位法、浆料成形法和3D打印技术)和化学合成法(反应烧结法、燃烧合成法、钙热还原法、脱合金法),简要叙述了多孔钛在生物医疗、过滤与分离、电化学等领域的应用现状。孔结构是影响多孔钛应用性能的关键因素,需加强孔结构的精确控制及其与环境耦合作用机理研究;通过材料、力学、数学等多学科交叉融合,可开发超轻质、超高强多孔钛的设计与制备技术。Titanium and its alloys with low density,high strength,good corrosion resistance,good biocompatibility and so on are widely used in the fields of aerospace,marine engineering,petrochemical industry,biomedical,electronic engineering,etc.,and it is a very important strategic metal after steel and aluminum,known as the“third metal”,“space metal”and “marine metal”.Porous titanium is a kind of structural and functional integrated material with dual properties of both porous material and titanium,and it is also an indispensable key supporting material in modern high-tech field.The paper reviewed the preparation processes of porous titanium,including powder metallurgy techniques(loose sintering,die compaction process,space holder method,slurry forming technique and additive ma nufacturing process),and chemical synthesis(reaction sintering,combustion synthesis,calciothermic reduction,dealloying),and the application status of porous titanium was briefly described in the fields of biomedical,filtration&separation,and electrochemistry,etc.Por e structure of porous titanium is the key factor affecting its applied properties,so it should be strengthened to control accurately the pore structure and to study its coupling mechanism with the applied conditions.Furthermore,the design and preparation technology of poro us titanium with ultra-lightweight and ultra-high strength should be developed through the interdisciplinarity of materials,mechanics and mathematics.

关 键 词：多孔钛 孔结构 制备 应用 

分 类 号：TB383[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]