电力绝缘用SF6替代物的过去、现在和未来  

Past,present and future of SF_(6) substitutes for power insulation

作　　者：张呈平 郭勤 权恒道 ZHANG Chengping;GUO Qin;QUAN Hengdao(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学化学与化工学院,北京100081

出　　处：《精细化工》2022年第5期882-891,共10页Fine Chemicals

摘　　要：对电力绝缘用SF_(6)替代物的开发方法、发展现状进行了介绍。目前,开发出的SF_(6)替代物包括SF_(6)混合气体、饱和卤代烃、氢氟烯烃、全氟酮和全氟腈,而七氟异丁腈的绝缘性能优异,是SF_(6)的最佳替代物。总结了现有七氟异丁腈的合成路线,其中以六氟丙烯和碳酰氟为起始原料,催化反应合成七氟异丁腈的路线是目前最优的合成路线。展望了SF_(6)替代物的未来发展趋势,提出今后的研究重点在于全面开发七氟异丁腈的应用性能和配套设备,下一代SF_(6)替代物及其绿色、高效的产业化路线。Development methods and current situation of SF_(6) substitutes for power insulation are introduced.At present,the developed SF_(6) substitutes,including SF_(6) mixed gas,saturated and halogenated hydrocarbons,hydrofluoroolefins,perfluoroketones and perfluoronitriles,and heptafluoroisobutyronitrile,have excellent insulation capacity and are considered as the best substitute for SF_(6).Herein,the existing synthetic routes of heptafluoroisobutyronitrile were reviewed in detail,of which using hexafluoropropylene and carbonyl fluoride as starting materials was the best synthetic route at present.Meanwhile,the development prospect of SF_(6) substitutes was discussed and analyzed,which suggested that the future research should focus on the development of heptafluoroisobutyronitrile application performance and supporting equipment,the next generation SF_(6) substitutes and the green and efficient industrialization routes.

关 键 词：SF_(6) 七氟异丁腈 全氟-3-甲基-2-丁酮 三氟碘甲烷 电力绝缘 催化 

分 类 号：TM213[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TQ226.62[电气工程—电工理论与新技术]