蓖麻油酸二乙醇酰胺硼酸酯合成工艺及摩擦性能  

Synthesis technology and tribological properties of borate of ricinoleic acid diethanolamine

作　　者：李亚科 宋香琳 李栋 王留成[1] LI Yake;SONG Xianglin;LI Dong;WANG Liucheng(College of Chemistry,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学化工学院,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《精细化工》2022年第5期1063-1071,共9页Fine Chemicals

摘　　要：为开发环境友好型润滑油添加剂,以蓖麻油酸、二乙醇胺为原料,采用两步合成法制备了蓖麻油酸二乙醇酰胺(RA),然后RA与硼酸合成蓖麻油酸二乙醇酰胺硼酸酯(RAB)。利用FTIR对RA及RAB的结构进行表征,并以菜籽油为基础油,考察RAB的摩擦性能。通过单因素实验得到合成RA的最佳条件为:酰化反应中n(蓖麻油酸)∶n(二乙醇胺)=1.0∶0.8,150℃下反应6 h;胺解反应中n(蓖麻油酸)∶n(二乙醇胺)=1.0∶0.4,NaOH用量为蓖麻油酸和二乙醇胺总质量的1%,95℃下反应3h,RA产率达88.10%。RAB的最佳合成条件为:n(RA)∶n(硼酸)=1.8∶1.0,对甲苯磺酸用量为RA和硼酸总质量的1.5%,140℃下反应100min,RAB产率达92.78%。添加RAB的菜籽油在摩擦表面形成含B、N的复合润滑保护膜,当RAB添加量为2%(以菜籽油的质量计,下同)时,油样最大无卡咬负荷(PB)比菜籽油提高了61%;当RAB添加量为1%时,油样表现出良好的摩擦保护性能。In order to develop environment-friendly lubricant additives,ricinoleic acid diethanolamide(RA)was prepared using ricinoleic acid and diethanolamine by two-step synthesis method,and then reacted with boric acid to syhthesize ricinoleic acid diethanolamide borate(RAB).The structures of RA and RAB were characterized by FTIR.The tribological properties of RAB were investigated using rapeseed oil as base oil.The optimal conditions for the synthesis of RA were obtained by single factor experiment as follows:in acylation reaction,n(ricinoleic acid)∶n(diethanolamine)=1.0∶0.8,reaction time of 6 h and reaction temperature of 150℃.In aminolysis reaction:n(ricinoleic acid)∶n(diethanolamine)=1.0∶0.4,sodium hydroxide dosage being 1%of the total mass of ricinoleic acid and diethanolamine,reaction temperature of 95℃and reaction time of 3 h.Under these conditions,the yield of RA reached 88.10%.Under the conditions of n(RA)∶n(diethanolamine)=1.8∶1.0,p-toluenesulfonic acid dosage being 1.5%of the total mass of RA and boric acid,and the yield of RAB reached 92.78%at 140℃for 100 min.Rapeseed oil added with RAB formed a composite lubricating protective film containing B and N on the friction surface.When the additive amount of RAB was 2%(based on the mass of rapeseed oil,the same below),the maximum non-seizure load(PB)of oil sample increased by 61%compared with that of rapeseed oil.While the additive amount of RAB was 1%,the oil sample showed good friction protection performance.

关 键 词：蓖麻油酸 二乙醇胺 硼酸酯 摩擦性能 油品添加剂 

分 类 号：TQ216[化学工程—有机化工] TH117.2[机械工程—机械设计及理论]