不同矿山修复模式植被多样性研究:以冷水江锡矿山为例  

Research on vegetation diversity of different mine restoration models: a case study of Lengshuijiang Xikuangshan antimony mine

作　　者：胡治远 刘俊 田宇 李燕子 李兰军 库文珍 赵运林[2] 徐正刚 HU Zhiyuan;LIU Jun;TIAN Yu;LI Yanzi;LI Lanjun;KU Wenzhen;ZHAO Yunlin;XU Zhenggang(School of Materials and Chemical Engineering,Hunan City University,Yiyang,Hunan 413000,China;Hunan Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Environmental and Resources Plant,Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha,Hunan 410004,China;College of Forestry,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;Hunan Linkeda Agriculture and Forestry Technology Service Co.,Ltd,Changsha,Hunan 410004,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南城市学院材料与化学工程学院,湖南益阳413000 [2]中南林业科技大学湖南省环境资源植物开发与利用工程技术研究中心,长沙410004 [3]西北农林科技大学林学院,陕西杨凌712100 [4]湖南林科达农林技术服务有限公司,长沙410004

出　　处：《湖南城市学院学报（自然科学版）》2022年第4期57-64,共8页Journal of Hunan City University:Natural Science

基　　金：国家林业与草原局林业科学技术研究项目(201801);西北农林科技大学试验站推广项目(TGZX2021-41);农业农村部农业微生物资源收集与保藏重点实验室开放基金项目(KLMRCP2021-07)。

摘　　要：近年来,不同措施和修复工程被应用于冷水江锡矿山,当地绿色矿山建设取得了良好成效。为了评估不同修复模式下锡矿山植被修复效果,明确锡矿山植被多样性特征,本研究选取冷水江锡矿山的6种代表性植被群落,分析了不同植物群落的组成、结构和多样性,进而阐明植被修复模式对群落结构特征以及植物物种多样性的影响。研究结果表明:1)所调查的群落植物隶属于34科57属64种,其中乔木3科4属4种,占比6.25%;灌木13科18属22种,占比34.38%;草本18科35属38种,占比59.38%。2)通过系列矿山修复措施,冷水江锡矿山植被群落得到了较好的修复,其中灌木和草本的恢复优于乔木。3)通过比较不同修复模式发现,以盐肤木+苎麻+五节芒的灌草群落人工配置方式更具优势。In recent years, different measures and restoration projects have been applied to the Lengshuijiang Xikuangshan antimony mine, and the green mine construction of the antimony mine has achieved good results. In order to evaluate the vegetation restoration effect of the Xikuangshan antimony mine and clarify the vegetation diversity characteristics of antimony mines, six representative vegetation communities in Lengshuijiang antimony mines were selected for the study, and the composition, structure and diversity of different plant communities were analyzed. And then the vegetation of antimony mine ecosystems and effects of restoration patterns on community structural characteristics and plant species diversity were elucidated. The results show that the investigated community plants belong to 34 families, 57 genera and 64species, including trees, 3 families, 4 genera and 4 species, accounting for 6.25%;shrubs, 13 families, 18genera, 22 species, accounting for 34.38%;herbs, 18 families, 35 genera, 38 species, accounting for 59.38%.The research shows that through a series of mine restoration measures, the vegetation community of the Xikuangshan antimony mine has been well restored and the shrubs and herbs recover better than trees. By comparing different restoration modes, it is found that the artificial allocation of shrub and grass with Rhus chinensis Mill + Boehmeria nivea + Miscanthus floridulus awn has more advantages.

关 键 词：矿山修复 植物多样性 锑污染 群落类型 

分 类 号：Q89[生物学]