双边道德风险下公共产品技术创新关系契约设计  

Relational Contract Design for Public Goods Technological Innovation Based on Double Moral Hazard

作　　者：王露 WANG Lu(School of Business, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China)

机构地区：[1]江苏海洋大学商学院,江苏连云港222005

出　　处：《南京财经大学学报》2022年第3期32-43,共12页Journal of Nanjing University of Finance and Economics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金后期资助项目“智能制造核心企业创新生态优势研究”(21FGLB051);江苏省社会科学基金一般项目“高质量发展背景下江苏政府购买公共服务的质量影响因素及保障机制研究”(18GLB009)。

摘　　要：公共产品技术创新中公共部门和企业合作创新不仅可以提升公共产品的技术创新及公共服务水平,还可以提升企业的技术研发能力,但在合作过程中会面临双边道德风险问题。针对该问题,设计了公共部门的正式契约及关系契约激励机制。模型分析结果表明:双边道德风险下公共产品技术创新合作研发的正式契约无法有效激励双方达到系统最优的研发努力水平,产生了系统收益损失;对于任意贴现因子,关系契约下合作双方的研发努力和收益均不小于正式契约,且随着贴现因子的增大,关系契约的自我履行机制越高效,对执行最优研发努力承诺的激励效果越明显;当贴现因子足够大,达到一定的门槛值后,关系契约可以有效激励公共部门和企业均实施承诺的系统最优研发努力水平,实现系统最优和社会福利最大化。建议从加强双边专用性资产投资、知识共享机制、信任关系、企业声誉机制构建等方面入手提升贴现因子。The cooperative innovation between public department and enterprises in public goods technological innovation can enhance the level of public goods technological innovation and public services,and the ability of enterprises technological innovation.However,there exists double moral hazard in the cooperation.Aiming at the above mentioned problem,the incentive mechanism of formal contract and relational contract in public sectors is designed.The conclusions indicate that the formal contract cannot motivate the optimal R&D effort level of the system,resulting in the loss of system income.For any discount factor,the R&D effort and revenue of both parties under the relational contract are not less than that of the formal contract,and with the increase of the discount factor.With the increase of discount factor,the more efficient the self-performance mechanism of relational contract is,the more obvious the incentive effect of relational contract on the performance of optimal R&D commitment is.When the discount rate reaches a certain threshold value,relational contract can effectively motivate both the public sector and enterprises to implement the promised system optimal R&D effort level to achieve system optimal and social welfare maximization.Enhancing the discount factor can be realized by strengthening bilateral specific assets investment,knowledge sharing mechanism,trust relationship and construction of enterprise reputation mechanism.

关 键 词：公共产品技术创新 双边道德风险 关系契约 正式契约 

分 类 号：F204[经济管理—国民经济]