间斑寇蛛坏死毒素致大鼠急性肾损伤的病理改变  

Pathological changes of acute kidney injury in rats induced by necrosis toxins of latrotectus tredecimguttatus spider

作　　者：寇晓文[1] 董新玲[1] 徐子文 喻婷 邵爱丹 栾新平[1] KOU Xiaowen;DONG Xinling;XU Ziwen;YU Ting;SHAO Aidan;LUAN Xinping(Emergency Center,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi,830063,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆医科大学第二附属医院急救中心,乌鲁木齐830063

出　　处：《新疆医学》2022年第4期365-367,371,共4页Xinjiang Medical Journal

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区青年基金资助项目(项目编号:2017D01C252)。

摘　　要：目的 以间斑寇蛛毒素致急性肾损伤的实验大鼠为模型,从病理角度研究不同剂量的蛛毒致大鼠肾损伤的程度。方法 采集蛛毒粗毒后注射到大鼠体内,每小时观察中毒反应,24 h后观察肾功能变化,处死后进行肾脏组织病理学实验。结果 蛛毒剂量达到10 ug/kg时,实验大鼠即产生了明显的神经毒反应,随着蛛毒剂量的增加实验大鼠肾脏逐渐表现出肾小囊及肾小管间质出血、水肿、肾小球坏死、肾小管内皮细胞呈空泡样变性、肾皮质部呈玻璃样改变、肾髓质部无完整的肾小球结构及玻璃样改变的连续病变特征;然而肾功能各项指标如尿素氮、尿酸、肌酐及电解质钾、钠、钙、氯也无变化(P>0.05),但各剂量蛛毒组的尿蛋白均显著升高(3+)(P <0.01)。结论 新疆间斑寇蛛的蜘蛛坏死毒素,较小剂量就可使大鼠表现出尿蛋白的大量升高,这与肾组织的病理性坏死直接相关,虽未表现出肾衰的特征,可能是与急性期的相关指标未来得及变化有关。Objective The experimental rat model of acute renal injury induced by necrosis toxin of L.tredecimguttatus spider was established in order to study the degree of renal injury caused by different doses of spider venom from the point of view of pathology.Methods The crude spider venom was collected and injected into rats, and the toxic reaction was observed every hour. 24 hours later, the changes of renal function were observed, and the renal histopathology was carried out after execution. Results when the dose of spider venom reached 10μg/kg, the experimental rats produced obvious neurotoxic reaction. With the increase of spider venom dose, the kidneys of experimental rats gradually showed renal vesicle and tubulointerstitial hemorrhage, edema, glomerular necrosis, vacuolar degeneration of renal tubular endothelial cells, vitreous changes in renal cortex, and no complete glomerular structure and vitreous changes in renal medulla. However, the indexes of renal function such as urea nitrogen, uric acid, creatinine and electrolyte potassium, sodium, calcium and chlorine did not change(P > 0.05), but the urinary protein of each dose of spider venom group increased significantly(3 +)(P < 0.01).Conclusion A small dose of spider necrosis toxin from the spider of Xinjiang spotted spider can make rats a large increase in urinary protein, which is directly related to the pathological necrosis of renal tissue. Although it does not show the characteristics of renal failure, it may be related to the future changes of relevant indexes in the acute phase.

关 键 词：新疆间斑寇蛛 蜘蛛坏死毒素 病理性坏死 

分 类 号：R994.1[医药卫生—毒理学]