碳纤毡和硅酸铝纤维增强二氧化硅气凝胶的制备及性能  

Preparation and Properties of Silica Aerogel Reinforced with Different Fibers

作　　者：罗丹 龙丽娟[2] 秦舒浩[1,2] 何敏[1] LUO Dan;LONG Li-juan;QIN Shu-hao;HE Min(Colloge of Materials and Metallurgy,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;National Engineering and Technology Research Center of Composite Modified Polymer Materials,Guiyang 550014,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学材料与冶金学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]国家复合改性聚合物材料工程技术研究中心,贵州贵阳550014

出　　处：《广州化学》2022年第3期46-51,共6页Guangzhou Chemistry

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1903501)。

摘　　要：以正硅酸乙酯为硅源,聚丙烯腈基(PAN)预氧化碳纤维毡(简称碳纤维毡)和硅酸铝纤维毡为增强材料,通过溶胶―凝胶和常压干燥分别制备了碳纤毡增强型和硅酸铝纤维增强型二氧化硅气凝胶复合材料,通过对材料化学结构、微观结构、力学性能、导热率的测试表征,分析对比了两种纤维增强型气凝胶的综合性能。结果表明,碳纤维毡增强型二氧化硅气凝胶具有较高的抗压强度(1.48 MPa,应变=10%),但其保温隔热性能不如硅酸铝纤维增强型二氧化硅气凝胶(导热率=0.0338 W/(m·K))。The fiber reinforced silica aerogel composites were prepared by sol-gel and atmospheric drying respectively,using tetraethyl orthosilicate as silicon source,polyacrylonitrile based(PAN)pre oxidized carbon fiber felt and aluminosilicate fiber felt as reinforcing materials respectively.By testing and characterizing the thermal conductivity of the microstructure mechanical properties of the materials,the comprehensive properties of the two reinforced fibers were analyzed and compared.The results show that the carbon fiber felt-enhanced silica aerogel has good mechanical properties,but its thermal insulation performance is inferior to that of aluminum silicate fiber enhanced silica aerogel.

关 键 词：碳纤毡 硅酸铝纤维 二氧化硅气凝胶 力学性能 隔热性能 

分 类 号：TQ321[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]