纳米铝基金属燃料推进剂燃烧稳定性研究  

Study on Combustion Stability of Nano Al Based Metal Fuel Propellant

作　　者：王金云 林文水[2] 颜志宇 WANG Jinyun;LIN Wenshui;YAN Zhiyu(Key Laboratory of Dual Media Power Technology,Handan 056017,China;School of Information,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,China;School of Mathematical Sciences,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]双介质动力技术重点实验室,河北邯郸056017 [2]厦门大学信息学院,福建厦门361005 [3]南京师范大学数学科学学院,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《弹道学报》2022年第2期99-105,共7页Journal of Ballistics

基　　金：中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(216Z4601G);河北省科技厅重大科研支撑课题(16211013D)。

摘　　要：针对高金属含量纳米铝基燃料推进剂在实验过程中出现的非均匀燃烧、爆燃甚至爆炸等问题,基于理论分析的方法,深入研究了纳米铝基金属燃料推进剂燃烧过程及燃烧机理,采用推进剂制备与燃烧实验及数值仿真计算的方法进一步验证颗粒尺寸、形貌对推进剂燃烧稳定性的显著影响。在保压时间45 min,最大荷重67 kN,最大压强213.6 MPa制备条件下,对两种不同产地型号的纳米铝粉原料进行燃烧实验对比,结果表明,不同产地颗粒,在尺寸规格、实验环境相同条件下,金属推进剂稳态燃烧时反映燃烧性能的Nusselt数、Sherwood数、蒸发速率、燃烧速率和燃烧时间、比燃速等参数差异明显,在纵横比为10时,扁椭球颗粒的最大燃速1.3×10^(-13) kg/s,而长椭球颗粒燃速大约高达3.0×10^(-13) kg/s,约为扁椭球颗粒燃速的2.3倍,甚至出现爆燃现象,颗粒粒径、形貌(椭球形颗粒)分布的均一性是影响推进剂爆燃的重要因素。该研究可为纳米铝基金属燃料推进剂优化设计提供参考。Aiming at the problems of non-uniform combustion,deflagration and even explosion of nano aluminum based fuel propellant with high metal content,the combustion process and combustion mechanism of nano aluminum based metal fuel propellant were deeply studied by theorelical analysis.The effects of morphology and particle size on combustion stability was further verified by propellant preparation and combustion experiment and numerical simulation.In particular,under the same preparation conditions(pressure holding time of 45 min,maximum load of 67 kN and maximum pressure of 213.6 MPa,the combustion experiments of two types of nano aluminum raw powder from different producing areas were compared.The results show that under the same size,specification and experimental environment,the Nusselt number,Sherwood number,evaporation rate,combustion rate,combustion time and specific burning rate of metal prepellant in steady-state combustion condition are different.When the aspect ratio is 10,the maximum burning rate of oblate ellipsoid particles is 1.3×10^(-13) kg/s.While the burning rate of long ellipsoidal particles is about 3.0×10^(-13) kg/s which is about 2.3 times of the burning rate of oblate spheroids particles),and even deflagration occurs at the same cordition.The uniformity of particle size and morphology(ellipsoidal particles)distribution is an important factor.This study can provide a reference for the optimal design of nano aluminum based metal fuel propellant.

关 键 词：固体推进剂 纳米铝 燃烧稳定性 燃烧机理 

分 类 号：V512[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]