一起农村生活源水污染引起的诺如病毒感染性胃肠炎暴发调查与实验室检测  

Investigation and laboratory detection of an outbreak of norovirus infectious gastroenteritis caused by rural domestic water pollution

作　　者：章忠辉 杨汝奔[1] 叶晓新[1] ZHANG Zhong-hui;YANG Ru-ben;YE Xiao-xin(Ouhai District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Wenzhou,Zhejiang 325000,China)

机构地区：[1]温州市瓯海区疾病预防控制中心,浙江温州325000

出　　处：《中国卫生检验杂志》2022年第9期1146-1148,1151,共4页Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology

摘　　要：目的调查一起农村中发生的胃肠炎暴发疫情,查明原因,采取有效措施,控制疫情蔓延,提出整改性建议。方法采用现场流行病学调查分析和实验室检测相结合,找出致病因子。结果2021年1月29日—2月1日,该村发现胃肠炎病例62例,临床症状以呕吐(64.52%)、腹痛(59.68%)、腹泻(53.23%)、恶心(53.23%)为主,全部病例集中在该村一组,经实验室检测,在该村水井中,水井附近一处粪便直排口,村民家中末梢水中及病例粪便标本中均检出GⅡ型诺如病毒。结论本次疫情为一起诺如病毒感染性胃肠炎暴发疫情,暴发原因主要为被粪便污染的井水作为生活源水进入村民家中,导致用水村民感染诺如病毒。该村生活源水存在较大的安全隐患,亟需有关部门引起重视。Objective To investigate an outbreak of gastroenteritis in rural areas,find out the causes,take effective measures to control the spread of the epidemic,and put forward rectification suggestions.Methods The pathogenic factors were found out by combining field epidemiological investigation and analysis with laboratory detection.Results From January 29 to February 1,2021,62 cases of gastroenteritis were found in the village,the main clinical symptoms were vomiting(64.52%),abdominal pain(59.68%),diarrhea(53.23%)and nausea(53.23%),and all cases were concentrated in the first group of the village.According to the laboratory test,norovirus type GⅡwas detected in the water well of the village,a fecal outlet near the water well,the peripheral water of the villagers.home and the fecal samples of patients.Conclusion This epidemic is an outbreak of norovirus infectious gastroenteritis.The main cause of the outbreak is that the well water polluted by feces enters the villagers.homes as domestic source water,resulting in norovirus infection.There are great potential safety hazards in the village.s domestic source water,which urgently needs the attention of relevant departments.

关 键 词：诺如病毒 农村 井水 生活用水 

分 类 号：R123.1[医药卫生—环境卫生学]