前庭性错觉模拟技术与预防方法研究进展  

Research Progress in Simulation and Prevention of Vestibular Illusion

作　　者：黎舒涵 孙喜庆 LI Shuhan;SUN Xiqing(Department of Aerospace Medical Training,School of Aerospace Medicine,Air Force Medical University,Xi’an 710032,China)

机构地区：[1]空军军医大学航空航天医学系航空航天医学训练教研室,西安710032

出　　处：《载人航天》2022年第3期306-314,共9页Manned Spaceflight

基　　金：空军装备科研项目(KJ2018-2019C135);空军军医大学作战效能提升航空医学重大问题科技攻关项目(2020ZTC01)。

摘　　要：飞行错觉是空间定向障碍中最有代表性的一种,是引起严重飞行事故的重要因素之一。其中前庭性错觉在飞行员飞行错觉中占比最大,总发生率最高。综述了近年来常用的2种前庭性错觉模拟方法:地面模拟技术和前庭感知模型讨论了3种地面模拟方法的诱发特点概述了前庭性错觉发生时所伴随产生的一系列生理心理指标的改变,特别是认知功能的改变分析了前庭性错觉时的克服措施,即保持坚信仪表探讨了前庭性错觉的2种预防训练方法,即开展有针对性的前庭性错觉适应性训练与开展前庭耐力训练。深入开展前庭性错觉模拟技术与预防方法研究,对揭示前庭性错觉的发生机制、指导飞行员训练、降低飞行错觉发生率具有重要意义。Flight illusion is the most representative kind of space disorientation and one of the important factors causing serious flight accidents.Among flight illusions,the vestibular illusion accounted for the largest proportion and the highest total incidence of flight illusion in pilots.In this paper,two kinds of simulation methods for vestibular illusion in recent years were reviewed:the ground simulation technology and the vestibular perception model.The characteristics of three ground simulation methods were discussed and the changes of a series of physiological and psychological indexes accompanying the vestibular illusion were summarized,especially the changes of the cognitive function.In addition,the countermeasure of vestibular illusion was analyzed that is be confident to the flight instrument.Two preventive training methods to vestibular illusion including the adaptive training of vestibular illusion and the vestibular endurance training were also discussed.In this paper,the simulation technology and the prevention methods of vestibular illusion were studied in-depth.It may be of great significance to reveal the mechanism of vestibular illusion,guide the pilot training,and reduce the incidence of flight illusion.

关 键 词：飞行错觉 前庭性错觉 地面模拟 训练 空间定向障碍 

分 类 号：R852.21[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]