未来太空基地内氢气和二氧化碳消除技术研究进展  

Research Progress of Hydrogen and Carbon Dioxide Elimination Technology in Future Space Bases

作　　者：熊凯 尹永利[3] 曹勇 杨才华 XIONG Kai;YIN Yongli;CAO Yong;YANG Caihua(School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation,Harbin Institute of Technology,Shenzhen,Shenzhen 518055,China;Space Science and Technology Institute(Shenzhen),Shenzhen 518117,China;National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering,China Astronaut Research and Training Center,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学(深圳)机电工程与自动化学院,深圳518055 [2]深圳市绿航星际太空科技研究院,深圳518117 [3]中国航天员科研训练中心人因工程重点实验室,北京100094

出　　处：《载人航天》2022年第3期412-418,共7页Manned Spaceflight

基　　金：深圳市空天动力及能源重点实验室项目(ZDSYS201707280904031)。

摘　　要：未来太空基地将采用高等植物和物化再生生保技术相结合的受控生态系统消除其内部产生的各种废气,主要废气来自于电解水供氧的副产物氢气和乘员呼出的二氧化碳。综述第二代物化再生生保系统中各种收集和消除氢气和二氧化碳的技术研究进展,以及第三代受控生态生保系统中高等植物和藻类利用光合作用吸收二氧化碳释放氧气的研究现状,并从重量、体积、能耗、可靠性、技术成熟度和发展潜力等方面对比分析,在此基础上对未来太空基地内氢气和二氧化碳物化消除技术路线、高等植物与物化消除技术结合的方法进行了展望。The controlled ecosystem that combines higher plants and physico-chemical regeneration technology will be adopted in the future space bases to eliminate various exhaust gases generated inside including the hydrogen,a by-product of water electrolysis,and the carbon dioxide exhaled by the crews.In this paper,the research progress of various technologies for collecting and eliminating hydrogen and carbon dioxide in the second-generation physico-chemical regenerative life support system was reviewed.In addition,the research status of higher plants and algae using photosynthesis to absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen in the third-generation controlled ecological life support system was also presented.On this basis,the comparison and analysis were made in terms of weight,volume,energy consumption,reliability,technological maturity,and development potential.Finally,the technical route in the future space base for the physico-chemical elimination of hydrogen and carbon dioxide as well as the method of combining physico-chemical elimination technology and higher plants were prospected.

关 键 词：太空基地 氢气 二氧化碳 消除技术 甲醇化 

分 类 号：R852.1[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]