数控机床多源异类信息采集测试试验及平台搭建  

Multi-source heterogeneous information acquiring test experiment and platform construction for CNC machine tool

作　　者：邓小雷[1] 陈昱珅 郭术鹏 郑嘉聪 盛晓波 DENG Xiaolei;CHEN Yushen;GUO Shupeng;ZHENG Jiacong;SHENG Xiaobo(Key Laboratory of Air-driven Equipment Technology of Zhejiang Province,Quzhou University,Quzhou 324000,China;College of Mechanical Engineering,Zhejiang University of Technology,Hangzhou 310032,China)

机构地区：[1]衢州学院浙江省空气动力装备技术重点实验室,浙江衢州324000 [2]浙江工业大学机械工程学院,浙江杭州310032

出　　处：《光学精密工程》2022年第12期1440-1451,共12页Optics and Precision Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.52175472);浙江省自然科学基金项目(No.LZY21E050002);浙江省公益技术应用研究资助项目(No.LGG22E050031)。

摘　　要：针对现有的数控机床工作过程主轴系统多种信息与多类信号采集的实际需求,设计研发了由多类型传感器组成的多源异类信息采集试验平台。该平台由热态特性信息采集系统与机床动态信息采集系统组成,其中热态特性信息采集系统可监测数控机床各点的位移与温度数据;动态信息采集系统可监测机床各点的振动,应力和应变。本文首先在主轴系统仿真分析的基础上,完成试验平台构建,并在2 000 r/min、3 000 r/min和4 000 r/min转速下进行多源异类信息采集试验,试验与仿真结果相对误差在10%以内,同时又将采集到的数据进行预处理和信息融合后用于多源信息的热误差建模,在对应转速下热平衡后的热变形均方根误差均小于0.9μm,同时决定系数在0.9以上,表明所搭建的多源异类信息采集试验平台在多转速下均有较优的准确性。本文的试验平台和数据采集融合方法为机床的热误差补偿和热设计提供了重要的技术手段和理论基础。Considering the actual demand for multi-information and multi-signal acquisition for CNC machine tool working process spindle systems,a multi-source heterogeneous information acquisition test platform comprising multi-type sensors was designed and developed. The platform consists of a hot state characteristic information acquisition system and dynamic information acquisition system for machine tools.The hot state characteristic information acquisition system monitors the displacement and temperature data of each point of the CNC machine tool while the dynamic information acquisition system monitors the vibration,stress,and strain at each point of the machine tool. Based on the simulation analysis of the spindle system,the test platform was first constructed in this study,and subsequently,multi-source heterogeneous information acquisition tests at speeds of 2000,3000,and 4000 r/min were conducted. The relative error between the test and simulation results was within 10%. Simultaneously,the collected data were preprocessed and fused to model the thermal error of the multi-source information. The root mean square error of the thermal deformation after thermal equilibrium was less than 0. 9 μm at the corresponding rotational speed and the determination coefficient was above 0. 9. This indicated that the multi-source heterogeneous information acquisition test platform built possessed better accuracy at multi-rotational speeds.The experimental platform and data acquisition fusion method described in this study provide an important technical means and theoretical basis for the thermal error compensation and thermal design of machine tools.

关 键 词：数控机床 多源异类信息 热态特性 试验平台 信息采集 

分 类 号：TG659[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]