井水位同震响应特征与机理研究进展  

Advances in Groundwater Coseismic Response Characteristics and Mechanisms

作　　者：曹梦涵 薛莲 CAO Menghan;XUE Lian(School of Earth and Space Sciences,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;Hebei Hongshan National Observatory on Thick Sediments and Seismic Hazards,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学地球与空间科学学院,北京100871 [2]河北红山巨厚沉积与地震灾害国家野外科学观测研究站,北京100871

出　　处：《地震研究》2022年第2期173-186,共14页Journal of Seismological Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2020YFA0710600)资助。

摘　　要：大地震会在很大的范围内引起地下水响应,研究地震如何影响地下水流动的物理过程有助于认识地震和水之间的相互作用。震后井水位的变化比较直观地反映了地下水变化,而且观测的数据相对比较多。同震井水位的变化主要有3种类型:阶跃变化、持续性变化和水位随地震波的震荡。引起同震井水位变化的机制有很多,即使同样的水位变化,其对应的机制也可能不同。通过对同震井水位变化特征及相关机理做综合论述,对比得到不同机制的区别及其在观测上的差异性,从而更好地理解同震井水位变化的机制。Earthquakes can affect hydrogeologic process in a very large scale.Studying how earthquakes affect groundwater flow can help us to understand the interaction between earthquakes and the groundwater.The coseismic response of the groundwater has been studied for nearly 90 years.It has revealed that the coseismic response of the groundwater is a very complicated process.The coseismic response of the water level in the well directly reflects the local hydrogeologic process after an earthquake.There are three major types of coseismic changes of the water level in the well:step-like changes,sustained changes and water level oscillations.The mechanism for coseismic water level changes is complicated,even for the same type of water level changes,the mechanisms could be different.We review the responses of the well water level to earthquakes and summarize our current understanding of the processes causing the water level changes in the well.Comparing different coseismic well water level responses and mechanisms,we can have a better understanding of the physical processes for the coseismic response of the water level in the well.

关 键 词：井水位 同震响应 阶跃变化 持续性变化 水位震荡 

分 类 号：P315.723[天文地球—地震学]