典型有机-无机复合材料废弃物处置技术的研究进展  

Research Progress of Typical Organic-inorganic CompositeWaste Disposal Technology

作　　者：潘德安[1] 和盛鑫 杨飞华[2] 李彬[1] 顾一帆 吴玉锋[1] PAN Dean;HE Shengxin;YANG Feihua;LI Bin;GU Yifan;WU Yufeng(Beijing University of Technology,Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing,Beijing 100024,China;Beijing Building Materials Academy of Sciences Research,State Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Reuse for Building Materials,Beijing 100041,China)

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学材料与制造学部,北京100024 [2]北京建筑材料科学研究总院有限公司固废资源化利用与节能建材国家重点实验室,北京100041

出　　处：《材料科学与工程学报》2022年第3期508-519,527,共13页Journal of Materials Science and Engineering

基　　金：典型再生资源利用技术综合验证平台研发及工业化绩效预测资助项目(2018YFC1903603);华南中小城市多源固废区域化作用处置集成示范资助项目(2018YFC1903104)。

摘　　要：本文综述了玻璃钢、风力发电复合材料、废弃印刷线路板三大典型有机-无机复合材料特性,其中废弃印刷线路板极具代表性,是回收价值最高、处置最难、污染最重的部分,其处置技术备受关注。以废弃印刷线路为例分别综述了机械分离法、火法和湿法冶金、热解法、超临界流体法以及微生物法等六种处置方法,认为热解法和火法冶炼是未来此类材料回收技术的主要发展方向,在废线路板与低值废玻璃钢和废风机叶片协同规模生产状况下,能有效减容、有价物质回收及降低治理成本、提高回收工艺经济性。This article focuses on summarizing three typical organic-inorganic composite characteristics of the most widely used glass fiber reinforced plastics,wind power composite materials,and waste printed circuit boards.Waste printed circuit boards are very representative and have the highest recycling value,the most difficult disposal,and the heaviest pollution.In part,its disposal technology has attracted much attention.Taking waste printed circuits as an example,six disposal methods including mechanical separation,pyrolysis and hydrometallurgy,pyrolysis,supercritical fluid and microbiological methods are reviewed.Pyrolysis and bath smelting are considered to be main development directions of such material recycling technology.Under the condition of coordinated large-scale production of waste circuit boards,low-value waste glass fiber reinforced plastics and waste fan blades,it can effectively reduce capacity,recover valuable materials,reduce treatment costs,and improve the economics of recycling processes.

关 键 词：有机-无机复合材料 玻璃钢 风力叶片 印刷线路板 处置技术 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]