迈向科学的民俗学:范热内普的人生与学术  

Towards a Scientific Folklore Study:An Analysis of Van Gennep’s Academic Life

作　　者：胡小宇 Hu Xiaoyu

机构地区：[1]中山大学中国语言文学系暨中国非物质文化遗产研究中心,广东广州510275 [2]法国图卢兹-南比利牛斯联合大学(图卢兹二大人类学系),法国图卢兹31400

出　　处：《民俗研究》2022年第3期122-131,160,共11页Folklore Studies

基　　金：2020年国家留学基金委建设高水平大学公派研究生项目与法国图卢兹-南比利牛斯联合大学合作奖学金(CSC No.202006380082)资助。

摘　　要：范热内普的“过渡礼仪”概念在汉语学界广为人知,但学界对范热内普的生平及学术却所知甚少。他自小叛逆,追求婚姻自由,热爱祖国,坚持自己的学术观点,即便这些行为会有可预见的后果。与涂尔干学派运用比较法研究民族志材料的宗教社会学不同,范热内普认为当下活态的民俗有一定的社会功能,而功能背后有其机制,研究民俗甚至关乎国家的生死存亡。但当时法国高校并没有设立民俗学教席,民俗研究也缺乏科学指导。为此,他着手编写旨在为法国民俗调查和研究提供科学指南的《法国当代民俗学手册》。正是这套巨著奠定了法国现代民俗学研究的基础,使民俗学在法国成为一门科学。The academic life of Van Gennep is barely known by Chinese academic world,though his notion Rites of Passage is widely acknowledged.Being rebellious since childhood,Van Gennep pursued the freedom of marriage,deeply loved his fatherland and sticked to his academic views,even there might be foreseeable consequences.Different from the sociology of religion of the Durkheim School,which used comparative methods for the study of ethnographic materials,Van Gennep believed that the current living folklore had a certain social function,and there is a mechanism behind the function.And the study of folklore was even related with national survival.But at that time,French universities did not set up chairs of folklore,and folklore study lacked scientific guidance.To this end,he set out to compile Manuel de Folklore Fran?ais Comtemporain,which was designed to provide a scientific guide for French folklore investigation and research.It is this set of masterpieces that laid the foundation for the study of modern French folklore,making folklore a science in France.

关 键 词：范热内普 学术 人生 民俗学 

分 类 号：K890[历史地理—民俗学]