2545名初中生新发近视情况及其影响因素研究  

Study on new-onset myopia and its influencing factors in 2 545 junior middle school students

作　　者：雍政 孙林 张天薇 周彤 徐佳琪 王小娟 王威 YONG Zheng;SUN Lin;ZHANG Tian-wei;ZHOU Tong;XU Jia-qi;WANG Xiao-juan;WANG Wei(School of Public Health,Xuzhou Medical University,Xuzhou 221004,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]徐州医科大学公共卫生学院,江苏徐州221004 [2]徐州医科大学药学院 [3]徐州医科大学医学技术学院 [4]徐州市第一人民医院眼视光中心

出　　处：《中国校医》2022年第4期256-259,312,共5页Chinese Journal of School Doctor

基　　金：国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202110313005);江苏省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202110313005Z)。

摘　　要：目的 了解我国初中生新发近视情况及其影响因素,为青少年近视防控工作提供参考依据。方法依托中国教育追踪调查(CEPS),在2013—2015年对2 545名初中生进行问卷追踪调查,收集学生的体检视力情况及相关信息。采用Logistic回归分析新发近视的影响因素。结果 本调查中,七年级学生新发近视率为37.1%,Logistic回归分析结果显示,家里有电脑和网络(OR=1.248,95%CI:1.005~1.549)以及上辅导班(OR=1.236,95%CI:1.020~1.499)是新发近视的危险因素,而男生(OR=0.659,95%CI:0.554~0.784)、亲兄弟姐妹中排行中间(OR=0.601,95%CI:0.381~0.948)、亲兄弟姐妹中排行最小(OR=0.782,95%CI:0.621~0.983)以及周末每日参与家务时长较长(OR=0.753,95%CI:0.604~0.937)是新发近视的保护因素。结论 青少年近视防控工作需要重点关注女性人群,加强对市场上课外辅导班的监管,鼓励青少年积极参与户外活动,减少对电脑等电子设备的依赖。Objective To understand the new onset of myopia among junior high school students in my country and its influencing factors,so as to provide a reference for the prevention and control of myopia in adolescents.Methods Based on the China Education Panel Survey(CEPS),a questionnaire follow-up survey was conducted on 2 545 junior middle school students from 2013 to 2015 to collect students’ visual acuity and related information.Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of myopia onset.Results The incidence of myopia among grade 7 students in China was 37.1% in the study.Logistic regression analysis showed that students had access to computer and Internet at home(OR = 1.248,95%CI:1.005 ~ 1.549),and attended remedial classes(OR = 1.236,95%CI:1.020 ~ 1.499) were the risk factors for myopia onset,and male(OR = 0.659,95%CI:0.554 ~ 0.784),the middle rank among siblings(OR = 0.601,95%CI:0.381 ~ 0.948),the lowest rank among siblings(OR = 0.782,95%CI:0.621 ~ 0.983),and the longer daily housework participation on weekends(OR = 0.753,95%CI:0.604 ~ 0.937) were the protective factors for myopia onset.Conclusion The prevention and control of adolescent myopia should focus on female population,strengthen the supervision of after-class tutoring classes in society,encourage adolescents to actively participate in outdoor activities,and reduce the dependence on electronic devices such as computers.

关 键 词：近视 初中 学生 中国教育追踪调查 LOGISTIC模型 影响因素 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]