论姜夔词对李贺诗的取法  

On How Jiang Kui Learned from Li He’s Poems in hisCi-Poem Writing

作　　者：刘青海 Liu Qinghai(Capital International Cultural Research Base,Beijing Language and Culture University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京语言大学首都国际文化研究基地,北京100083

出　　处：《北京大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2022年第3期69-77,共9页Journal of Peking University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“中华诗词的语言艺术原理及其历史生成机制研究”(项目编号:18JZD021)阶段性成果;北京语言大学校级科研项目(中央高校基本科研业务专项资金)资助(项目编号:21PT03)。

摘　　要：以诗入词,是宋词发展中的一个重要现象。自周邦彦、贺铸以降,以中晚唐诗入词,逐渐成为词体创作的一种方法。姜夔以中晚唐诗入词,主要取法李贺、杜牧、陆龟蒙诸家。其中对李贺诗的取法,尤能见出其语言艺术的独造。姜夔采李贺诗入词的方式,主要是学习其写景艺术,一方面化用李贺诗句、借用其字面、镕炼其语面,并由此窥入其造词之法,而自琢新词,其影响主要限于字法和句法。此外,姜夔采杜牧诗入词的方式,主要是利用杜牧艳诗,造成叙事的含蓄和抒情的深曲,由此加深了词境,甚至具有一种寄托性,其影响在章法。How to introduce verses into Ci-poem writing(以诗入词)was one of the important phenomena in the development of Song Ci-poem creation.Starting from Zhou Bangyan(周邦彦)and He Zhu(贺铸),introducing Mid-Late Tang verses into Ci-poem writing gradually became a basic technique in Ci-poem creation.In this respect,Jiang Kui(姜夔)introduced Mid-Late Tang poems into his Ci-poem writing and learned mainly from the poems by Li He(李贺),Du Mu(杜牧)and Lu Guimeng(陆龟蒙).His learning from Li He’s poems especially shows us how creative his language art was.To learn the art of scenic description from Li He,Jiang adopted Li’s whole verses in his Ci-poem creation,borrowed Li’s words literally,and rearranged the wording.On this basis,Jiang discovered Li’s secret of diction and created his own choice of words in his personal style.So,Li’s influence upon Jiang was mainly limited to the selection of proper words and the organization of verses.Besides,while learning from Du Mu,Jiang mainly made use of Du’s love poems to create both narrative embodiment and lyrical depth.As a result,the prospect of his Ci-poems deepened,and their suggestibility increased.The influence lay in their textual structures.

关 键 词：姜夔词 李贺 中晚唐诗 以诗入词 

分 类 号：I207.2[文学—中国文学]