播期对直播早籼稻秧苗素质和产量的影响  

Effects of Sowing Date on Seedling Quality and Yield of Direct-seeding Early Indica Rice

作　　者：陈鸽 李中希 徐华勤 傅岳峰 黄敏[1] 邹应斌[1] CHEN Ge;LI Zhong-xi;XU Hua-qin;FU Yue-feng;HUANG Min;ZOU Ying-bin(Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Crop Physiology and Molecular Biology/College of Agronomy,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan 410128,China;Institute of Yueyang Agricultural Sciences,Yueyang,Hunan 414600,China;College of Resources&Environment,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan 410128,China)

机构地区：[1]作物生理与分子生物学教育部重点实验室/湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]岳阳市农业科学研究院,湖南岳阳414000 [3]湖南农业大学资源环境学院,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《杂交水稻》2022年第3期118-125,共8页Hybrid Rice

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系专项(CARS-01-82);国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0300409)。

摘　　要：在洞庭湖区以陆两优996、株两优819、中嘉早17和湘早籼45号为材料,研究播期对直播早籼稻秧苗素质和产量的影响。结果表明,播期每向后推迟5 d,全生育期平均缩短3 d。随着播期推迟,出苗率、苗高、叶龄、单株绿叶数、茎基宽、百株地上部鲜重和干重、成秧率均显著提高,以第Ⅲ播期和第Ⅳ播期的秧苗素质最佳;播期对产量有极显著影响(P<0.01),随着播期推迟,有效穗数、每穗粒数先增加后下降,结实率下降,千粒重无明显变化,以第Ⅲ播期的产量最高;相同播期下,陆两优996和中嘉早17的产量高于株两优819和湘早籼45号。综上,洞庭湖区适宜于4月1日进行早稻直播,秧苗素质好,能获得高产,推荐品种为陆两优996和中嘉早17。Using Luliangyou 996,Zhuliangyou 819,Zhongjiazao 17 and Xiangzaoxian 45 as the materials,the effects of sowing date on seedling quality and yield of direct-seeding early indica rice were studied in Dongting Lake area.The results showed that when the sowing time was delayed by 5 days,the whole growth period was shortened by 3 days on average.With the postponement of sowing date,the seedling emergence rate,seedling height,leaf age,number of green leaves per plant,stem base width,aboveground fresh weight and dry weight of 100 plants,and adult seedling rate increased significantly,and the seedling quality of the third and fourth sowing date was the best.The sowing date had a very significant effect on the yield(P<0.01).With the postponement of sowing date,the number of effective panicles and grains per panicle increased at first and then decreased,the seed setting rate decreased,and the 1000-grain weight had no significant change,and the yield was the highest in the third sowing date.Under the same sowing date,the yield of Luliangyou 996 and Zhongjiazao 17 was higher than that of Zhuliangyou 819 and Xiangzaoxian 45.In summary,in Dongting Lake area,the suitable time for direct seeding of early rice is April 1 for good seedling quality and high yield,and the recommended varieties are Luliangyou 996 and Zhongjiazao 17.

关 键 词：早籼稻 直播 播期 秧苗素质 产量 

分 类 号：S511.04[农业科学—作物学] S318